Vivi VAJDA,Antoine BERCOVICI

• 1:瑞典隆德大学地质学系
• 2:生物地质与环境地质国家重点实验室
• 3:中国地质大学(武汉)

摘要(Abstract)：

白垩纪-古近纪(K-Pg)生物大灭绝事件前后的孢粉植物群的变化,可以详细揭示植被对一场全球环境危机(6550万年前小行星撞击现今的墨西哥)的响应。在K-Pg界线处有一些植物门类灭绝了,因此孢粉地层学是确定非海相序列中白垩纪-古近纪界线的主要工具。南半球包括以下植物区:热带至亚热带棕榈植物大区,高纬度Nothofagidites/Proteacidites大区,以及一个含有混合的植物组分的过渡区域。在棕榈植物大区,一些马斯特里赫特期的关键物种在白垩纪-古近纪界线处灭绝了,包括Aquilapollenites magnus、Buttinia andreevi、Crassitricolporites brasiliensis、Proteaci ditesdehaani和Gabonisporis vigourouxii。在Nothofagidites/Proteacidites大区,Tricolporite slilliei、Triporopollenites sectilis、Quadraplanus brossus、Nothofagidites kaitangata和Grapnelispora evansii等物种最后出现于白垩纪-古近纪界线处。由此可见,我们需要对南半球与中国的K-Pg界线处的孢粉信息进行更详尽的分析,才能更详细地了解不同纬度、不同地点的植被对墨西哥尤卡坦撞击事件的响应。

关键词(KeyWords)： 生物地层学;孢粉学;孢子;花粉;集群灭绝;白垩纪;古近纪南半球

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(No.91114201);; 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB821906)资助出版;; support from the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences through the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation;; the Swedish Research Council(Grant No.2007-4509);; the Lund University Pufendorf Institute Astrobiology funding

作者(Author): Vivi VAJDA,Antoine BERCOVICI

DOI: 10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2012.02.002

参考文献(References)：

• Aguirre-Urreta B,Tunik M,Naipauer M,Pazos P,Ottone E,FanningM&Ramos V A.2011.Malargüe Group(Maastrichtian-Danian)deposits in the Neuquén Andes,Argentina:Implications for theonset of the first Atlantic transgression related to WesternGondwana break-up.Gondwana Research,19:482-494
• Askin R A.1990.Campanian to Paleocene spore and pollen assemblages of Seymour Island,Antarctica.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,65:105-113
• Askin R A&Jacobson S R.1996.Palynological change across theCretaceous-Tertiary Boundary on Seymour Island,Antarctica:environmental and depositional factors.In:Macleod N&KellerG eds.Cretaceous-Tertiary Mass Extinctions:biotic and environmental changes.London:Noeton Press.7-25
• Baldoni A.1992.Palynology of the Lower Lefipan Formation(Upper Cretaceous)of Barranca de Los Perros,Chubut Province,Argentina.Part I.Cryptogam spores and gymnospermpollen.Palynology,16:17-136
• Baldoni A M&Askin R A.1993.Palynology of the Lower LefipanFormation(Upper Cretaceous)of Barranca De Los Perros,Chubut Province,Argentina.Part II.Angiosperm pollen anddiscussion.Palynology,17:241-264
• Bercovici A,Pearson D A,Nichols D J&Wood J.2009.Biostratigraphy of selected K/T boundary sections in southwestern NorthDakota,USA:toward a refinement of palynological identificationcriteria.Cretaceous Research,30:632-658
• Bercovici A,Vajda V&Sweet A.2012.Palynolstratigraphy ofJohn’s Nose,a new Crtaeceous-Paleogene boundary section insouthwestern North Dakota,USA.Palynology,36(in press)
• Boltenhagen E.1967.Pollen et spores du CrétacéSupérieur duGabon.Pollen et Spores,9:335-355
• Colmenares O A&Teran L.1993.A biostratigraphic study of Paleogene sequences in southwestern Venezuela.Palynology,17;67-89
• Dettmann M E&Jarzen D M.1988.Angiosperm pollen fromuppermost Cretaceous strata of southeastern Australia and theAntarctic Peninsula.Association of Australasian Palaeontologists,Memoir5:217-237
• Dettmann M E&Jarzen D M.1990.The Antarctic/Australian riftvalley:Late Cretaceous cradle of northeastern Australasian relicts?Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,65:31-144
• Dettmann M E,Pocknall D T,Romero E J&Zamaloa M.1990.Nothofagidites Erdtman Ex Potonie.1960.A catalogue of species with notes on the paleogeographic distribution of Nothofagus(Southern Beech).New Zealand Geological SurveyPaleontological Bulletin,60:1-79
• Edet J J&Nyong E E.1994.Palynostratigraphy of Nkporo Shale exposures(Late Campanian-Maastrichtian)on the CalabarFlank,SE Nigeria.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,80:131-147
• Eisawi A&Schrank E.2009.Terrestrial palynology and age assessment of the Gedaref Formation(eastern Sudan).Journal ofAfrican Earth Sciences,54:22-30
• Elliot D H,Askin R A,Kyte F T&Zinsmeister W J.1994.Iridiumand dinocysts at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary on SeymourIsland,Antarctica:implications for the K-T event.Geology,22:675-678
• Ferrow E,Vajda V,Bender Koch C,Peucker-Ehrenbrink B&Willumsen Suhr P.2011.Multiproxy analysis of a new terrestrial and a marine Cretaceous-Paleogene(K-Pg)boundary sitefrom New Zealand.Geochimica Cosmochimica Acta,75:657-672
• Gayet M,Marshall L G,Sempere T,Meunier F J,Cappetta H&Rage J C.1991.Middle Maastrichtian vertebrates(fishes,amphibians,dinosaurs and other reptiles,mammals)from PajchaPata(Bolivia):biostratigraphic,palaeoecologic and palaeobiogeographic implications.Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,169:39-68
• Germeraad J H,Hopping C A&Muller J.1968.Palynology ofTertiary sediments from tropical areas.Review of Palaeobotanyand Palynology,6:183-348
• Griffin M,Parras A&Casadío S.2008.Late Maastrichtian-DanianMytilids and Pinnids(Mollusca:Bivalvia)from Northern Patagonia,Argentina.Ameghiniana,45:139-152
• Helby R,Morgan R&Partridge A D.1987.A palynological zonation of the Australian Mesozoic.Association of AustralasianPalaeontologists,Memoir4:1-94
• Herngreen G F W.1972.Some pollen grains of the Upper Senonianfrom Brazil.Pollen et Spores,14:97-112
• Herngreen G F W.1975.Palynology of Middle and Upper Cretaceous strata in Brazil.Mededelingen rijks Geologishe Dienst,Nieuwe serie,26:38-90
• Herngreen G F W.1980.Cretaceous microfloral provinces.Berliner Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen A,19:79-82
• Herngreen G F W&Chlonova A F.1981.Cretaceous microfloralprovinces.Pollen et Spores,23:441-555
• Herngreen G F W,Kedves M,Rovnina L V&Smirnova S B.1996.Cretaceous palynofloral provinces:a review.In:Jansonius J&McGregor D C eds.Palynology:principles and applications.American Association of Stratigraphic Palynologists Foundation,3:1157-1188
• Jaramilllo C,Mu oz F,Cogollo M&De la Parra F.2005.Quantitative biostratigraphy for the Paleocene of the Llanos foothills,Colombia:Improving palynological resolution for oil exploration.In:Powell A J&Riding J eds.Recent developments in applied biostratigraphy.London:The Micropaleontological Society Special Publication.145-159
• Jaramillo C A,Bayona G,Pardo-Trujillo A,Rueda M,Torres V,Harrington G J&Mora G.2007.The palynology of the Cerrejón Formation(Upper Paleocene)of northern Colombia.Palynology,31:153-189
• Jardine S&Magloire L.1964.Palynologie et Stratigraphie duCretacédes bassins du Sénegal et de la Cóte d'Ivoire.ColloqueInteracional de Micropaleontologie,Dakar.187-245
• Johnson K R.2002.Megaflora of the Hell Creek and lower FortUnion formations in the western Dakotas:vegetational responseto climate change,the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary event,andrapid marine transgression.In:Hartman J H,Johnson K R&Nichols D J eds.The Hell Creek Formation and the CretaceousTertiary boundary in the Northern Great Plains:an integratedcontinental record of the end of the Cretaceous.Geological Society of America,Special Paper361:329-391
• Kennedy E M.2003.Late Cretaceous and Paleocene terrestrialclimates of New Zealand:leaf fossil evidence from South Islandassemblages.New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics,46:295-306
• Kettrup B&Deutsch A.2003.Geochemical variability of the Yucatán basement:Constraints from crystalline clasts in theChicxulub impactites.Meteoritics&Planetary Science,38:1079-1092
• Lawal O&Moullade M.1986.Palynological biostratigraphy ofCretaceous sediments in the upper Benue Basin,NE Nigeria.Revue de Micropalontologie,29:61-83
• McLoughlin S.2001.The breakup history of Gondwana and itsimpact on pre-Cenozoic floristic provincialism.AustralianJournal of Botany,49:271-300
• Meón H.1990.Palynologic studies of the Cretaceous-Tertiaryboundary interval at El Kef outcrop,northwestern Tunisia:paleogeographic implications.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,65:85-94
• Muller J,De Di Giacomo E&Van Erve A W.1987.A palynological zonation for the Cretaceous,Tertiary and Quaternary ofNorthern South America.American Association of StratigraphicPalynologists,Contributions Series19:7-76
• Molina E,Alegret L,Arenillas I,Arz J A,Gallala N,Hardenbol J,Luterbacher H,Steurbaut E,Vandenberghe N&Zaghbib-TurkiD.2006.The Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point forthe base of the Danian Stage(Paleocene,Paleogene,"Tertiary",Cenozoic)at El Kef,Tunisia:original definition and revision.Episodes,29:263-273
• Nandi B.1990.Palynostratigraphy of Upper Cretaceous sediments,Meghalaya,northeastern India.Review of Palaeobotany andPalynology,65:119-129
• Nichols D J.2002.Palynology and palynostratigraphy of the HellCreek Formation in North Dakota:a microfossil record ofplants at the end of Cretaceous time:In:Hartman J H,JohnsonK R&Nichols D J eds.The Hell Creek Formation and the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary in the Northern Great Plains:an integrated continental record of the end of the Cretaceous.Geological Society of America,Special Paper361:393-456
• Nichols D J&Johnson K R.2008.Plants and the K-T Boundary.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.1-280
• Pardo-Trujillo A,Jaramillo C A&Oboh-Ikueno F E.2003.Paleogene Palynostratigraphy of the Eastern Middle Magdalena Valley,Colombia.Palynology,27:155-178
• Perez-Leytón M.1987.Datos palinológicos del Cretácico Superiorde la sección estratigráfica de Carata,Potosí,Bolivia.IVCongreso Latinoamericano de Paleontologia.739-756
• Playford G&Dettmann M E.1978.Pollen of Dacrydium frankliniiHook.f.and comparable early Tertiary microfossils.Pollen etSpores,20:513-534
• Pole M&Vajda V.2009.A new terrestrial Cretaceous-Paleogenesite in New Zealand-turnover in macroflora confirmed by palynology.Cretaceous Research,30:917-938
• Quattrocchio M E,Volkheimer W,Marquillas R A&Salfity J A.2005.Palynostratigraphy,palaeobiogeography and evolutionarysignificance of the late Senonian and early Palaeogene palynofloras of the Salta Group,Northern Argentina.Revista Espa ola de Micropaleontología,37:259-272
• Raine J I.1984.Outline of a palynological zonation of Cretaceousto Paleogene terrestrial sediments in West Coast Region,SouthIsland,New Zealand.Report of the New Zealand GeologicalSurvey,109:1-82
• Regali M S P,Uesugui N&Santos A S.1974a.Palinologia dossedimentos Meso-Cenozóicos do Brasil(I).Boletim Tecnico daPetrobrás,17:177-191
• Regali M S P,Uesugui N&Santos A S.1974b.Palinologia dossedimentos Meso-Cenoz6icos do Brasil(II).Boletim Tecnico daPetrobrás,17:263-301
• Sah S C D&Singh R Y.1980.Palynological demarcation of theCretaceous-Tertiary sediments in Assam Basin.Proc.IV Int.Palynol Conf,Lucknow,Birbal Sahni Inst Palaeobot,Lucknow,India,2:691-707
• Salami M B.1990.Palynomorph taxa from the"Lower CoalMeasures"deposits(?Campanian-Maastrichtian)of AnambraTrough,southeastern Nigeria.Journal of African Earth Sciences,11:135-150
• Shrank E.1991.Mesozoic palynology and continental sediments inNE Africa(Egypt and Sudan):a review.Journal of AfricanEarth Sciences,12:363-373
• Schrank E&Mahmoud M S.1998.Palynology(pollen,spores anddinoflagellates)and Cretaceous stratigraphy of the Dakla Oasis,central Egypt.Journal of African Earth Sciences,26:167-193
• Schulte P,Alegret L,Arenillas I,Arz J A,Barton P J,Bown P R,Bralower T J,Christeson G L,Claeys P,Cockell C S,Collins GS,Deutsch A,Goldin T J,Goto K,Grajales-Nishimura J M,Grieve R A F,Gulick S P S,Johnson K R,Kiessling W,KoeberlC,Kring D A,MacLeod K G,Matsui T,Melosh J,Montanari A,Morgan J V,Neal C R,Nichols D J,Norris R D,Pierazzo E,Ravizza G,Rebolledo-Vieyra M,Reimold W U,Robin E,SalgeT,Speijer R P,Sweet A R,Urrutia-Fucugauchi J,Vajda V,Whalen M T&Willumsen P S.2010.The Chicxulub asteroidimpact and mass extinction at the Cretaceous-Paleogeneboundary.Science,327:1214-1218
• Sweet A R&Braman D R.1992.The K-T boundary and the contiguous strata in western Canada:interactions between paleoenvironments and palynological assemblages.Cretaceous Research,13:31-79
• Thorn V C,Riding J B&Francis J E.2009.The Late Cretaceousdinoflagellate cyst Manumiella:biostratigraphy,systematics,and palaeoecological signals in Antarctica.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology,156:436-448
• Tschudy R H,Pillmore C L,Orth C J,Gilmore J S&Knight J D.1984.Disruption of the terrestrial plant ecosystem at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary,Western Interior.Science,225:1030-1032
• Vajda-Santivanez V.1999.Miospores from Upper Cretaceous-Paleocene strata in northwestern Bolivia.Palynology,23:183-198
• Vajda V&Raine J I.2003.Pollen and spores in marine Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary sediments at mid-Waipara River,North Canterbury,New Zealand.New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics,46:255-273
• Vajda V&McLoughlin S.2004.Fungal proliferation at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary.Science,303:1489
• Vajda V&McLoughlin S.2005.A new Maastrichtian-PaleoceneAzolla species from Bolivia,with a comparison of the globalrecord of coeval Azolla microfossils.Alcheringa,29:305-329
• Vajda V&McLoughlin S.2007.Extinction and recovery patternsof the vegetation across Cretaceous-Palaeogene boundary:atool for unravelling the causes of the end-Permianmass-extinction.Review of Palaeobotany and Palynlogy,144:99-112
• Vajda V&Raine J I.2010.A palynological investigation of plesiosaurbearing rocks from the Upper Cretaceous Tahora Formation,Mangahouanga,New Zealand.Alcheringa,131:1-16
• Vajda V,Raine J I&Hollis C J.2001.Indication of global deforestation at the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary by New Zealand fernspike.Science,294:1700-1702
• Vajda V,Raine J I,Hollis C J&Strong C P.2004.Global effects ofthe Chicxulub impact on terrestrial vegetation:review of thepalynological record from New Zealand Cretaceous/Tertiaryboundary.In:Dypvik H,Burchell M J&Clayes P eds.ImpactStudies.Berlin:Springer Verlag.57-74
• Van der Hammen T.1954.El desarrollo de la Flora Colombiana enlos periodos geológicos.1:Maestrichtiano hasta Terciario masinferior.Boletín Geológico,2:49-106
• Van Hoeken-Klinkenberg P M J.1964.A palynological investigationof some Upper Cretaceous sediments in Nigeria.Pollen etSpores,6:209-231
• Venkatachala B S,Kar R,Rajanikanth A&Ly A.1998.Palynologyof the Cretaceous-Tertiary transition in an Atlantic bore-core,off Senegal Coast,West Africa.Palaeobotanist,47:60-67
• Wanntorp L,Vajda V&Raine J I.2011.Past diversity of Proteaceae on subantarctic Campbell Island,a remote outpost ofGondwana.Cretaceous Research,32:357-367
• Wigforss-Lange J,Vajda V&Ocampo A.2007.Rare earth elements(REE)and other trace element concentrations in proximalChicxulub ejecta deposits from northern Belize-support for a single-impact scenario.Meteoritics and Planetary Science,42:1871-1882
• Wilf P&Johnson K R.2004.Land plant extinction at the endof the Cretaceous:a quantitative analysis of the North Dakota megafloral record.Paleobiology,30(3):347-368