姚付龙,孙岳珊,黄健,唐国乾,夏倩倩,胡晓峰

• 1:伊犁师范大学资源与生态研究所
• 2:生物与地理科学学院

摘要(Abstract)：

天山北坡地处多个大气环流系统的过渡区,气候变化敏感,其长时间尺度的气候演变过程、水热组合方式等问题仍在讨论中,客观把握上述问题对深入认识亚欧大陆内部气候变化格局与过程具有重要意义。本研究以那拉提剖面为研究对象,基于AMS14C年代-深度模型,以花粉为古气候代用指标,重建了天山北坡末次冰消期至早、中全新世的气候变化过程并探讨了其驱动机制。(1) 14327—11578 cal yr B.P.期间花粉组合以荒漠草原成分为主,其主成分分析第1轴得分指示有效湿度偏低,并存在气候突变现象; 11578—9457 cal yr B.P.期间演替为森林草原群落,气候以冷湿为特征; 9457—8602 cal yr B.P.期间退化为草原,气候转为暖干; 8602—6369 cal yr B.P.期间发育针阔混交林,气候偏暖湿。(2)天山北坡末次冰消期至早、中全新世,温度变化与高低纬、海陆间长尺度的记录相一致,冬季太阳辐射是影响温度变化的主要因素;海面温度升高,不仅使西风环流水汽含量增加,还引发北大西洋涛动偏于正相,西部扰动加强,给天山北坡带来更多降水。(3)天山北坡12900—11500 cal yr B.P.期间以干旱为特征的气候突变从起讫时间、湿度变化等特征分析是对“新仙女木事件”的响应,北美洲劳伦泰德冰盖融冰减缓了北大西洋经向翻转环流,叠加北大西洋涛动负相位、西风环流减弱等因素,使到达研究区的水汽减少。

关键词(KeyWords)： 孢粉;气候演化;驱动机制;末次冰消期;全新世;天山

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(41961013);; 伊犁师范大学高级别培育项目(YSPY2022010);; 自治区自然科学基金(2022D01C457)共同资助

作者(Author): 姚付龙,孙岳珊,黄健,唐国乾,夏倩倩,胡晓峰

DOI: 10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2023.0009

参考文献(References)：

• 陈曦,胡汝骥,姜逢清,王亚俊,张建明.2015.中国干旱区自然地理[M].北京:科学出版社.
• 程海,张海伟,赵景耀,李瀚瑛,宁有丰,Gayatri N.2019.中国石笋古气候研究的回顾与展望[J].中国科学:地球科学,49(10):1565-1589.
• 贺跃,鲍征宇,侯居峙,Brown E,王明达,谢淑云,易朝路.2016.令戈错湖芯重建过去17 ka青藏高原大气环流变化[J].科学通报,61(33):3584-3595.
• 蒋庆丰,季峻峰,沈吉,Ryo M,童国榜,钱鹏,任雪梅,闫德智.2013.赛里木湖孢粉记录的亚洲内陆西风区全新世植被与气候变化[J].中国科学:地球科学,43(2):243-255.
• 蒋庆丰,沈吉,刘兴起,张恩楼,肖霞云.2007.西风区全新世以来湖泊沉积记录的高分辨率古气候演化[J].科学通报,52(9):1042-1049.
• 潘安定.1993.天山北坡不同植物类型的表土孢粉组合研究[J].地理科学,13(3):227-233.
• 孙湘君,杜乃秋,翁成郁,林瑞芬,卫克勤.1994.新疆玛纳斯湖盆周围近14000年以来的古植被古环境[J].第四纪研究,14(3):239-248.
• 唐领余,毛礼米,舒军武,李春海,沈才明,周忠泽.2016.中国第四纪孢粉图鉴[M].北京:科学出版社.
• 陶士臣,安成邦,陈发虎,唐领余,王宗礼,吕雁斌,李志飞,郑同明,赵家驹.2010.孢粉记录的新疆巴里坤湖16.7 cal ka BP以来的植被与环境[J].科学通报,55(11):1026-1035.
• 杨运鹏.2019.中国天山全新世植被与气候变化及其驱动机理研究[D].乌鲁木齐:中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所.
• 姚付龙,朱诚,马春梅.2019.新疆地区全新世环境考古研究进展及未来趋势[J].山地学报,37(4):475-487.
• 姚付龙,朱诚,夏倩倩,张静,杨海军.2020.高分辨率泥炭孢粉记录的天山北坡2400 cal yr B.P.以来植被演替及其对气候变化的响应[J].地层学杂志,44(1):104-112.
• 余英浩,金映豫,徐德克,王永莉,李浩,汪亘,崔安宁,魏志福.2021.青海可鲁克湖孢粉记录的14 cal.ka B.P.以来植被和气候演化历史[J].第四纪研究,41(5):1229-1243.
• 朱诚,吴立,李兰,赵泉鸿,张文卿,李开封,李冰,谭艳,王坤华,贾天骄,郭天虹,林留根,丁金龙,王子健,何汉生.2016.对江苏新石器时代海面变化问题的再认识[J].科学通报,61(3):374-387.
• Aizen E,Aizen V,Melack J.2001.Precipitation and atmospheric circulation patterns at mid-latitudes of Asia[J].International Journal of Climatology,21:535-556.
• Berger A,Loutre M.1991.Insolation values for the climate of the last 10million years[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,10:297-317.
• Chen F,Chen J,Huang W,Chen S,Huang X,Jin L,Jia J,Zhang X,An C,Zhang J,Zhao Y,Yu Z,Zhang R,Liu J,Zhou A,Feng S.2019.Westerlies Asia and monsoonal Asia:Spatiotemporal differences in climate change and possible mechanisms on decadal to sub-orbital timescales[J].Earth-Science Reviews,192:337-354.
• Chen F,Yu Z,Yang M,Ito E,Wang S,Madsen D,Huang X,Zhao Y,Sato T,Birks H,Boomer I,Chen J,An C,Wünnemann B.2008.Holocene moisture evolution in arid central Asia and its out-of-phase relationship with Asian monsoon history[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,27:351-364.
• Cheng H,Zhang P,Sp?tl C,Edwards R,Cai Y,Zhang D,Sang W,Tan M,An Z.2012.The climatic cyclicity in semiarid-arid central Asia over the past 500,000 years[J].Geophysical Research Letters,39(1):1705.
• Dykoski C,Edwards R,Cheng H,Yuan D,Cai Y,Zhang M,Lin Y,Qing J,An Z,Revenaugh J.2005.A high-resolution,absolute-dated Holocene and deglacial Asian monsoon record from Dongge Cave,China[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,233:71-86.
• Faegri K,Kaland P,Krzywinski K.1989.Text Book of Pollen Analysis (4th Edition)[M].London:John Wiley&Sons Inc.
• Feng Z,Sun A,Abdusalih N,Ran M,Kurban A,Lan B,Zhang D,Yang Y.2016.Vegetation changes and associated climatic changes in the southern Altai Mountains within China during the Holocene[J].The Holocene,27(5):683-693.
• Huang M,Zhu C,Ma C,He K,Xu J.2019.Paleoenvironmental context of the evolution of the Baodun Culture at Chengdu Plain,Sichuan Province,China[J].The Holocene,29(11):1731-1742.
• Kotthoff U,Joerg P,Mueller U,Peyron O,Schmiedl G,Schulz H,Bordon A.2008.Climate dynamics in the borderlands of the Aegean Sea during formation of sapropel S1 deduced from a marine pollen record[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,27(7-8):832-845.
• Kutzbach J,Chen G,Cheng H,Edwards R,Liu Z.2014.Potential role of winter rainfall in explaining increased moisture in the Mediterranean and Middle East during periods of maximum orbitally-forced insolation seasonality[J].Climate Dynamics,42:1079-1095.
• Leroy S,Kakroodi A,Kroonenberg S,Lahijani H,Alimohammadian H,Nigarov A.2013.Holocene vegetation history and sea level changes in the SE corner of the Caspian Sea:relevance to SW Asia climate[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,70:28-47.
• Li X,Zhao K,Dodson J,Zhou X.2011.Moisture dynamics in central Asia for the last 15 kyr:new evidence from Yili Valley,Xinjiang,NW China[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,174:13-32.
• Liu J,Chen J,Zhang X,Li Y,Rao Z,Chen F.2015.Holocene East Asian summer monsoon records in North China and its inconsistency with Chinese stalagmites δ18O records[J].Earth-Science Reviews,148:194-208.
• Long H,Shen J,Tsukamoto S,Chen J,Yang L,Frechen M.2014.Dry early Holocene revealed by sand dune accumulation chronology in Bayanbulak Basin (Xinjiang,NW China)[J].The Holocene,24(5):614-626.
• Long H,Shen J,Chen J,Tsukamoto S,Yang L,Chen H,Frechen M.2017.Holocene moisture variations over the arid central Asia revealed by a comprehensive sand-dune record from the central Tian Shan,NWChina[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,174:13-32.
• Jiang Q,Ji J,Shen J,Ryo M,Tong G,Qian P,Ren X,Yan D.2013.Holocene vegetational and climatic variation in westerly-dominated areas of Central Asia inferred from the Sayram Lake in northern Xinjiang,China[J].Science China Earth Sciences,56(3):339-353.
• Shumilovskikh L,Tarasov P,Arz H,Fleitmann D,Marret F,Nowaczyk N,Plessen B,Behling H.2012.Vegetation and environmental dynamics in the southern Black Sea region since 18 kyr BP derived from the marine core 22-GC3[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,337-338:177-193.
• Stebich M,Rehfeld K,Schlütz F,Tarasov P,Liu J,Mingram J.2015.Holocene vegetation and climate dynamics of NE China based on the pollen record from Sihailongwan Maar Lake[J].Quaternary Science Reviews,124:275-289.
• Stott L,Cannariato K,Thunell R,Haug G,Koutavas A,Lund S.2004.Decline of surface temperature and salinity in the western tropical Pacific Ocean in the Holocene epoch[J].Nature,431:56-59.
• Stuiver M,Grootes P,Bard E,Braziunas T.1995.The GISP2 δ18O climate record of the past 16,500 years and the role of the sun,ocean,and volcanoes[J].Quaternary Research,44:341-354.
• Thornalley D,Elderfield H,McCave I.2009.Holocene oscillations in temperature and salinity of the surface subpolar North Atlantic[J].Nature,457:711-714.
• Yang Y,Feng Z,Ran M,Zhang D,Lan B,Sun A.2021a.Holocene vegetation and hydrology variations and their associations with climate changes:a multi-proxy analysis of a sediment core from an alpine basin in the middle Tianshan Mountains[J].Climate Dynamics,56(11-12):3835-3852.
• Yang Y,Feng Z,Zhang D,Lan B,Ran M,Wang W,Sun A.2021b.Holocene hydroclimate variations in the eastern Tianshan Mountains of northwestern China inferred from a palynological study[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,DOI:10.1016/j.palaeo.2020.110184
• Yao F,Ma C,Zhu C,Li J,Chen G,Tang L,Huang M,Jia T,Xu J.2017.Holocene climate change in the western part of Taihu Lake region,East China[J].Palaeogeography,Palaeoclimatology,Palaeoecology,485:963-973.
• Zeng M,Zhu C,Song Y,Ma C,Yang Z.2017.Paleoenvironment change and its impact on carbon and nitrogen accumulation in the Zoige wetland,northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau over the past 14,000years[J].Geochemistry,Geophysics,Geosystems,18(4):1775-1792.
• Zhang D,Feng Z.2018.Holocene climate variations in the Altai Mountains and the surrounding areas:A synthesis of pollen records[J].Earth-Science Reviews,185:847-869.
• Zhao K,Li X,Xu H,Zhou X,Donson J,Liu J.2019.Increased winter-spring precipitation from the last glaciation to the Holocene inferred from a δ13Corg record from Yili Basin (Xinjiang,NW China)[J].Science China Earth Sciences,62:1125-1137.