湖北宜昌茅坪泗溪剖面埃迪卡拉系岩石地层和碳同位素地层研究LITHO-AND CARBON ISOTOPE STRATIGRAPHY OF THE EDIACARAN SYSTEM IN THE SIXI SECTION (YANGTZE GORGES),YICHANG,HUBEI
吕苗,朱茂炎,赵美娟
摘要(Abstract):
华南埃迪卡拉系陡山沱组上部的δ13C巨大负异常事件(DOUNCE)是当前埃迪卡拉系研究最受关注的焦点之一。在对湖北宜昌茅坪泗溪剖面埃迪卡拉系开展高精度的岩石地层和碳氧同位素研究的基础上,通过与黄陵背斜周缘其他剖面的对比,表明峡区陡山沱晚期DOUNCE事件的δ13C值变化由下降—负漂移—短期正漂移—回升4个阶段构成,但DOUNCE事件在不同剖面上的表现存在明显差异。详细的沉积岩相分析和地层对比表明,各剖面δ13C演化差异是由岩相变化导致的岩石地层发育差异引起的。泗溪剖面DOUNCE事件主体部分缺失与该剖面位于台内盆地斜坡环境,发育多层滑塌构造造成的地层缺失有关。研究结果表明在缺乏生物地层控制的埃迪卡拉系,δ13C同位素地层是揭示沉积相变化造成的岩石地层差异和地层对比的重要手段。
关键词(KeyWords): 岩石地层学;化学地层学;地层对比;碳同位素;陡山沱组;埃迪卡拉系;三峡地区;湖北
基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(No.40725005);; 科技部973项目(2006CB806401);; 中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(KZCX2-yw-Q08-4);; 国家基础科学人才培养基金(J0630967)资助
作者(Author): 吕苗,朱茂炎,赵美娟
参考文献(References):
- 陈孝红,李华芹,陈立德,王传尚,汪啸风.2003.三峡地区震旦系碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素特征.地质论评,49(1):66—74
- 何秀彬,徐备,袁志云.2007.新疆柯坪地区新元古代晚期地层碳同位素组成及其对比.科学通报,52(1):107—113
- 王伟,松本良,王海峰,大出茂,狩野獐宏,穆西南.2002.长江三峡地区上震旦统稳定同位素异常及地层意义.微体古生物学报,19(4):382—388
- 王自强,尹崇玉,高林志,柳永清.2002.湖北宜昌峡东地区埃迪卡拉系层型剖面化学地层特征及其国际对比.地质论评,48(4):409—416
- 王宗哲,杨杰东,孙卫国.1996.扬子地台震旦纪海水碳同位素的变化.高校地质学报,2(1):112—120
- 张同钢,储雪蕾,张启锐,冯连君,霍卫国.2003.陡山沱期古海水的硫和碳同位素变化.科学通报,48(8):850—856
- 赵自强,邢裕盛,马国干,陈忆元.1985.长江三峡生物地层学(1)震旦纪分册.北京:地质出版社.1—143
- Bowring S,Myrow P,Landing E,Ramezani J&Grotzinger J.2003.Geochronological constraints on terminal Neoproterozoicevents and the rise of metazoans.Geophysical Research Ab-stracts,5:13219
- Bristow T F&Kennedy M F.2008.Carbon isotope excursion andthe oxidant budget of the Ediacaran at mosphere and ocean.Ge-ology,36(11):863—866
- Calver C R.2000.Isotope stratigraphy of the Ediacarian(Neoprot-erozoic III)of the Adelaide Rift Complex,Australia,and the o-verprint of water column stratification.Precambrian Research,100(1-3):121—150
- Canfield D E,Poulton S W&Narbonne G M.2007.Late-Neoprot-erozoic deep-ocean oxygenation and the rise of ani mal life.Sci-ence,315:92—95
- Canfield D E,Poulton S W,Knoll A H,Narbonne G M,Ross G,Goldberg T&Strauss H.2008.Ferruginous conditions domi-nated Later Neoproterozoic deep-water chemistry.Science,321(5891):949—952
- Chen Xiao-hong,Li Hua-qin,Chen Li-de,Wang Chuan-shang&Wang Xiao-feng.2003.Carbon and oxygen isotope features ofthe Sinian carbonate stratainthe Three Gorges region.Geolog-ical Review,49(1):66—74
- Chu Xue-lei,Zhang Qi-rui,Zhang Tong-gang&Feng Lian-jun.2003.Sulfur and carbon isotopic variations in Neoproterozoicsedi mentary rocks from southern China.Progress in NaturalScience,13(11):875—880
- Condon DJ,Zhu Mao-yan,Bowring S,Wang Wei,Yang Ai-hua&Jin Yu-gan.2005.U-Pb ages fromthe Neoproterozoic Dousha-ntuo Formation,China.Science,308:95—98
- Derry L A,Brasier M D,Corfield R M,Rozanov A Y&ZhuravlevA Y.1994.Sr and C isotopes in Lower Cambrian carbonatesfromthe Siberian craton:a paleoenvironmental record duringthe“Cambrian explosion”.Earth Planet Science Letter,128:671—681
- Derry L A,Kauf man AJ&Jacobsen S B.1992.Sedi mentary cyc-ling and environmental change in the Late Proterozoic:evidencefromstable and radiogenic isotopes.Geochi m.Cosmochi m.Ac-ta,56(3):1317—1329
- Fike D A,Grotzinger J P,Pratt L M&Summons R E.2006.Oxi-dation of the Ediacaran Ocean.Nature,444:744—747
- Grey K,Walter MR&Calver C R.2003.Neoproterozoic biotic di-versification:Snowball Earth or aftermath of the Acraman i m-pact-Geology,31(5):459—462
- Grotzinger J P,Bowring S A,Saylor B Z&Kauf man A J.1995.Biostratigraphic and geochronologic constraints on early ani malevolution.Science,270(5236):598—604
- Halverson G P,Dudas F O,Maloof A C&Bowring S A.2007.E-volution of the87Sr/86Sr composition of Neoproterozoic seawa-ter.Palaeogeography,Palaeocli matology,Palaeoecology,256(3-4):103—129
- Halverson G P,Hoff man P F,Schrag D P,Maloof AC&Rice A HN.2005.Toward a Neoproterozoic composite carbon-isotoperecord.Geological Society of America,117:1181—1207
- He Xiu-bin,Xu Bei&Yuan Zhi-yun.2007.C-isotope compositionand correlation of the Upper Neoproterozoic in Keping area,Xinjiang.Chinese Science Bulletin,52(4):504—511
- Jacobsen S B&Kauf man AJ.1999.The Sr,Cand Oisotopic evo-lution of Neoproterozoic seawater.Chemical Geology,161(1-3):37—57
- Jiang Gan-qing,Kauf man AJ,Christie-Blick N,Zhang Shi-hong&Wu Huai-chun.2007.Carbonisotope variability across the Edi-acaran Yangtze platform in South China:I mplications for alarge surface-to-deep oceanδ13C gradient.Earth and PlanetaryScience Letters,261(1-2):303—320
- Jiang Gan-qing,Kennedy MJ&Christie-Blick N.2003a.Stable i-sotopic evidence for methane seeps in Neoproterozoic postglacialcap carbonates.Nature,426(6968):822
- Jiang Gan-qing,Sohl L E&Christie-Blick N.2003b.Neoproterozo-ic stratigraphic comparison of the Lesser Hi malaya(India)andYangtze Block(South China):paleogeographic i mplications.Geology,31(10):917—920
- Kauf man AJ&Knoll A H.1995.Neoproterozoic variations in theC-isotopic composition of seawater:stratigraphic and biogeo-chemical i mplications.Precambrian Research,73:27—49
- Kauf man AJ,Corsetti F A&Varni M A.2007.The effect of ris-ing at mospheric oxygen on carbon and sulfur isotope anomaliesin the Neoproterozoic Johnnie Formation,Death Valley,USA.Chemical Geology,237(1-2):47—63
- Kauf man AJ,Jiang Gan-qing,Christie-Blick N,Banerjee D M&Rai V.2006.Stable isotope record of the terminal Neoprotero-zoic Krol platformin the Lesser Hi malayas of northern India.Precambrian Research,147(1-2):156—185
- Kauf man AJ,Knoll A H&Narbonne G M.1997.Isotopes,ice a-ges,and terminal Proterozoic earth history.Proceedings oftheNational Academy of Sciences,94(13):6600—6605
- Knoll A H.2000.Learning to tell Neoproterozoic ti me.Precambri-an Research,100(1-3):3—20
- Knoll A H&Walter M R.1992.Latest Proterozoic stratigraphyand earth history.Nature,356(6371):673—678
- Knoll A H,Walter M,Narbonne G&Christie-Blick N.2004a.The Ediacaran Period:A new addition to the Geologic Ti me Scale.
- Submitted on Behalf of the Terminal Proterozoic Subcommissionof the International Commission on Stratigraphy.1—35
- Knoll A H,Walter M R,Narbonne G M&Christie-Blick N.2004b.A new Period for the Geologic Ti me Scale.Science,305:621—622
- Knoll A H,Walter M R,Narbonne G M&Nicholas C B.2006.The Ediacaran Period:a newadditiontothe geologic ti me scale.Lethaia,39(1):13—30
- Lambert I B,Walter M R,Zang Wen-long,Lu Song-nian&MaGuo-gan.1987.Palaeoenvironment and carbon isotope stratig-raphy of Upper Proterozoic carbonates of the Yangtze Platform.Nature,325(6100):140—142
- Le Guerroue E,Allen P A&Cozzi A.2006a.Chemostratigraphicand sedi mentological framework of thelargest negative carboni-sotopic excursionin Earth history:The Neoproterozoic ShuramFormation(Nafun Group,Oman).Precambrian Research,146(1-2):68—92
- Le Guerroue E,Allen P A,Cozzi A,Etienne J L&Fanning M.2006b.50Myr recovery fromthe largest negativeδ13C excur-sionin the Ediacaran ocean.Terra Nova,18(2):147—153
- Li Zheng-xiang,Bogdanova S V,Collins A S,Davidson A,DeWaele B,Ernst R E,Fitzsi mons I C W,Fuck R A,Gladko-chub D P,Jacobs J,Karlstrom K E,Lu Song-nian,Natapov LM,Pease V,Pisarevsky S A,Thrane K&Vernikovsky V.2008.Assembly,configuration,and break-up history of Rodin-ia:Asynthesis.Precambrian Research,160(1-2):179—210
- Marshall J D.1992.Cli matic and oceanographic isotopic signalsfromthe carbonate rock record and their preservation.Geolog-ical Magazine,129:143—160
- McCrea J M.1950.The isotopic chemistry of carbonates and apalaeo-temperature-scale.Journal of Chemical Physics,18:849—857
- McFadden K A,Huang Jing,Chu Xue-lei,Jiang Gan-qing,Kauf-man A J,Zhou Chuan-ming,Yuan Xun-lai&Xiao Shu-hai.2008.Pulsed oxidation and biological evolutionin the EdiacaranDoushantuo Formation.Proceedings ofthe National Academyof Sciences,105(9):3197—3202
- Melezhik V A,Fallick A E&Pokrovsky B G.2005.Enigmatic na-ture of thick sedi mentary carbonates depletedinδ13Cbeyondthecanonical mantle value:The challenges to our understanding ofthe terrestrial carbon cycle.Precambrian Research,137(3-4):131—165
- Melezhik V A,Gorokhov I M,Kuznetsov A B&Fallick A E.2001.Chemostratigraphy of Neoproterozoic carbonates:i mpli-cations for‘blind dating’.Terra Nova,13(1):1—11
- Melezhik V A,Roberts D,Fallick A E&Gorokhov I M.2008.The Shuram-Wonoka event recorded in a high-grade metamor-phic terrane:insight fromthe Scandinavian Caledonides.Geo-logical Magazine,145(2):161—172
- Narbonne G M&Aitken J D.1995.Neoproterozoic of the Mack-enzie Mountains,northwestern Canada.Precambrian Re-search,73(1-4):101—121
- Narbonne G M,Kauf man AJ&Knoll A H.1994.Integrated chemostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the Windermere Superg-roup,northwestern Canada:i mplications for Neoproterozoiccorrelations andthe early evolution of ani mals.Geological Soci-ety of America Bulletin,106:1281—1291
- Pell S D,Mckirdy D M,Jansyn J&Jenkins RJ F.1993.Ediacari-an carbonisotope stratigraphy of South Australia-aninitial stud-y.Transactions of Royal Society of South Australia,117:153—161
- Pyle L J,Narbonne G M,James N P,Dalrymple R W&Kauf manAJ.2004.Integrated Ediacaran chronostratigraphy,WerneckeMountains,northwestern Canada.Precambrian Research,132(1-2):1—27
- Saylor B Z,Kauf man A J,Grotzinger J P&Urban F A.1998.Composite reference section for terminal Proterozoic strata ofsouthern Namibia.Journal of Sedi mentary Research,68(6):1223—1235
- Schmidt P W&Williams G E.1996.Palaeomagnetismof the ejecta-bearing Bunyeroo Formation,late Neoproterozoic,Adelaidefold belt,andthe age of the Acramani mpact.Earthand Plane-tary Science Letters,144(3-4):347—357
- Shields G A.1999.Working towards a newstratigraphic calibrationscheme for the Neoproterozoic-Cambrian.Eclogae GeologicaeHelveticae,92:221
- Veizer J.1983.Chemical diagenesis of carbonates:Theory and ap-plication.In:Arthuret al.eds.Stable isotopes in sedi mentarygeology.SEPMShort Course,10:3—100
- Walter MR,Veevers J J,Calver C R,Gorjan P&Hill A C.2000.Dating the840-544Ma Neoproterozoic interval by isotopes ofstrontium,carbon,and sulfur in seawater,and some interpre-tative models.Precambrian Research,100(1-3):371—433
- Wang Jian&Li Zheng-xiang.2003.History of Neoproterozoic riftbasins in South China:i mplications for Rodinia break-up.Pre-cambrian Research,122(1-4):141—158
- Wang Wei,Matsumoto R,Wang Hai-feng,Ohde S,Kano A&MuXi-nan.2002.Isotopic chemostratigraphy of the upper SinianinThree Gorges area.Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica,19(4):382—388
- Wang Zi-qiang,Yin Chong-yu,Gao Lin-zhi&Liu Yong-qing.2002.Chemostratigraphic characteristics and correlation of theSinian ctratotypein the Eastern Yangtze Gorges area,Yichang,Hubei Province.Geological Review,48(4):409—416
- Wang Zong-zhe,Yang Jie-dong&&Sun Wei-guo.1996.Carboni-sotope record of Sinian seawater in Yangtze Platform.Geolog-ical Journal of Universities,2(1):112—120
- Yang Jie-dong,Sun Wei-guo,Wang Zongzhe,Xue Yao-song&TaoXian-cong.1999.Variations in Sr and Cisotopes and Ce anom-alies in successions from China:evidence for the oxygenation ofNeoproterozoic seawater-Precambrian Research,93(2-3):215—233
- Zhang Tong-gang,Chu Xue-lei,Zhang Qi-rui,Feng Lian-jun&Huo Wei-guo.2003.Variations of sulfur and carbonisotopesinseawater during the Doushantuo stage in late Neoproterozoic.Chinese Science Bulletin,48(13):1375—1380
- Zhao Zi-qiang,Xing Yu-sheng,Ma Guo-gan&Chen Yi-yuan.1985.Biostratigraphy of the Yangtze Gorages area:(1)Sinian.Beijing:Geological Publishing House.1—143
- Zhou Chuan-ming&Xiao Shu-hai.2007.Ediacaranδ13C chemos-tratigraphy of South China.Chemical Geology,237:89—108
- Zhu Mao-yan,Strauss H&Shields G A.2007a.From snowballearth to the Cambrian bioradiation:Calibration of Ediacaran-Cambrian earth history in South China.Palaeogeography,Palaeocli matology,Palaeoecology,254(1-2):1—6
- Zhu Mao-yan,Zhang Jun-ming&Yang Ai-hua.2007b.IntegratedEdiacaran(Sinian)chronostratigraphy of South China.Palaeo-geography,Palaeocli matology,Palaeoecology,254(1-2):7—61