匼河遗址6054地点黄土-古土壤剖面磁性地层学的年代研究MAGNETOSTRATIGRAPHIC AGE OF PLEISTOCENE LOESS/PALEOSOL SECTIONS AT KEHE,SHANXI
刘平,Reidar Lovlie
摘要(Abstract)：
发现于1957年的匼河文化遗址的年代一直存在较大的争议。近四十年来,考古学和地学工作者虽然从化石、地层等多方面研究,但仍未得出令人信服的可靠结论。受许家窑遗址及小长梁遗址的最新磁性地层学研究结果的启示,过去两年对山西南部匼河遗址从磁性地层学的角度进行了深入、系统的研究,研究发现匼河遗址剖面的磁化率曲线呈顶部高,中间2.5m到13m处较宽阔的低值带,具有华北黄土高原黄土L9的特征,底部又呈高值的分布趋势,这种磁化率的分布关系与洛川标准剖面的S7-S12有较好的对应关系,从而得出文化层以上地层剖面的年代范围为0.7-1.02Ma,由此可推算位于底部磁化率高值带以下的文化层的年代至少早于1.02Ma,完全不同于匼河文化遗址0.247Ma的现行认识,而与苏朴、朱日祥等人对许家窑、小长梁遗址,马圈沟遗址年代的最新认识趋向一致。
关键词(KeyWords)： 磁性地层学;洛川标准剖面;匼河文化遗址;许家窑遗址;小长梁遗址;马圈沟遗址;更新世;山西
基金项目(Foundation): 2003年度国家最高科学技术奖资助
作者(Author): 刘平,Reidar Lovlie
参考文献(References)：
- 陈哲英.1994.独头旧石器的新发现.见:山西省考古研究所编.山西省考古四十周年纪念文集.太原:山西经济出版社.45—57
- 樊行昭,苏朴,Lovlie R.2002.许家窑组及许家窑文化层年代问题的磁性地层学证据.地层学杂志,26(4):248—252
- 贾兰坡,王择义,王建.1962.河——山西西南部旧石器时代初期文化遗址.中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所甲种专刊,第5号.北京:科学出版社.1—40
- 李炎贤.1990.河石制品的时代和原始性问题.人类学学报,9(2):97—104
- 李炎贤.1999.中国早更新世人类活动的信息.见:徐钦琦,谢飞,王建主编.史前考古学进展.庆贺贾兰坡院士九十华诞国际学术讨论会文集.北京:科学出版社.141—153
- 鹿化煜,安芷生,杨文峰.1996.洛川黄土序列时间标尺的初步建立.高校地质学报,2(2):230—236
- 鹿化煜,安芷生,Vandenberghe J.1997.中国黄土高原中部黄土地层定年及初步应用.沉积学报,15(3):150—152
- 鹿化煜,杨文峰,刘晓东,安芷生.1998.洛川黄土沉积的轨道调谐尺度.地球物理学报,41(6):804—810
- 裴文中.1962.中国猿人究竟是否最原始的“人”?新建设,(4):28—41
- 邱中郎.1962.河文化遗址的年代问题.古脊椎动物与古人类,6:291—294
- 苏朴,Lovlie R,樊行昭.2000.许家窑泥河湾组磁性地层学研究.地球物理学报,43(2):223—232
- 吴文祥,刘东生,陈哲英.2001.河旧石器遗址6054和6056地点地层的再研究.地层学杂志,25(4):303—306
- 姚海涛,邓成龙,朱日祥.2005.元谋人时代研究评述——兼论我国早更新世古人类时代问题.地球科学进展,20(11):1191—1198
- 袁宝印,朱日祥,田文来,崔久旭,李容全,王强,严富华.1996.泥河湾组的时代、地层划分和对比问题.中国科学(D辑),26(1):67—73
- 张森水.1989.中国北方旧石器时代早期文化.见:吴汝康,吴新智,张森水编.中国远古人类.北京:科学出版社.97—158
- An Zhi-sheng&Ho C K.1989.New magnetostratigraphic dates ofLantianHomo erectus.Quaternary Research,32:213—221
- Chen Zhe-ying.1994.Newdiscovery of the Paleolithic artifacts fromDutou.In:40th anniversary commemoration anthology of ar-cheology in Shanxi.Taiyuan:Economy Publishing House inShanxi.45—57
- Fan Xing-zhao,Su Pu&Lovlie R.2002.Magnetostratigraphic evi-dence for the age of the Xujiayao Paleolithic layer and the Xu-jiayao Formation.Journal of Stratigraphy,26(4):248—252
- Jia Lan-po,Wang Ze-yi&Wang-Jian.1962.Kehe——An early pa-leolithic site in south-western Shanxi.Memoir Institute of Ver-tebrate Paleontoloty and Paleoanthropology,Academia Sinica,5.Beijing:Science Press.1—40
- Li Yan-xian.1990.On the age and pri mitiveness of the stone arti-facts fromthe Kehe Sites.Acta Anthropologica Sinica,9(2):97—104
- Li Yan-xian.1999.Information on Early-Pleistocene human activityin China.In:Xu Qin-qi,Xie Fei&Wang Jian eds.Advance inPrehistoric archeology.International symposium of congratula-ting Academician Jia Lan-po90th birthday.Beijing:SciencePress.141—153
- Lu Hua-yu,An Zhi-sheng&Yang Wen-feng.1996.A preli minaryti me scale for loess stratigraphy in Luochuan,central China.Geological Journal of Universities,2(2):230—236
- Lu Hua-yu,An Zhi-sheng&Vandenberghe J.1997.Adating mod-el of loess stratigraphy in the central Chinese Loess Plateau andits preli minary application.Acta Sedi mentological Sinica,15(3):150—152
- Lu Hua-yu,Yang Wen-feng,Liu Xiao-dong&An Zhi-sheng.1998.Orbital tuned ti me scale for loess deposit in Luochuan of centralChinese Loess Plateau.Acta Geophysica Sinica,41(6),804—810
- Lu Hua-yu,Liu Xiao-dong,Zhang Fu-qing,An Zhi-sheng&JohnD.1999.Astronomical calibration of loess-paleosol deposits atLuochuan,central Chinese Loess Plateau.Palaeogeography, Palaeocli matology,Palaeoecology,154:237—246
- Pei Wen-zhong.1962.Is ChineseHomo erectusthe oldest pri mitivehuman?NewConstruction,(4):28—41
- Qiu Zhong-lang.1962.On age at the Kehe Paleolithic Sites.Verte-brata Palasiatica,6:291—294
- Su Pu,Lovlie R&Fan Xing-zhao.2000.Ahigh-resolution magne-tostratigraphy study on the Nihewan Group at Xujiayao.Chi-nese Journal of Geophysics,43(2):223—232
- Wang Xi-sheng,Lovlie R&Su Pu.2002.Lithology and environ-mental magnetic records on the Upper Nihewan strata.Annualof China Geophysics Academic Society2002,18th annual dis-sertations of China Geophysics Academic Society.
- Wu Wen-xiang,Liu Tung-sheng&Chen Zhe-ying.2001.Restuon the strata of two Paleolithic Sites at Kehe.Journal of strtigraphy,25(4):303—306
- Yao Hai-tao,Deng Cheng-long&Zhu Ri-xiang.2005.Geochrono-logical researchinto the YuanmouHomo erectus——with a dis-cussion of the age of the Early Pleistocene Early Humanin Chi-na.Advances in Earth Science,20(11):1191—1198
- Yuan Bao-yin,Zhu Ri-xiang&Tian Wen-laiet al.1996.Problemsabout age,strata and contrast on the Nihewan Group.Sciencein China(Series D),26(1):67—73
- Zhang Shen-shui.1989.On the Paleolithic early culture in NorthChina.In:Wu Ru-kang,Wu Xin-zhi&Zhang Shen-shui eds.China Ancient Humanity.Beijing:Science Press.97—158
- Zhu R X,Hoff man K A,Potts R,Deng C L,Pan Y X,Guo B,ShiC D,Guo Z T,Yuan D Y,Hou Y M&Huang W W.2001.Earliest presence of humans in northeast Asia.Nature,413:413—417
- Zhu Ri-xiang,An Zhi-sheng,Porrs R&Hoff man K A.2003.Mag-netostratigraphic dating of early humans in China.Earth Sci-ence Reviews,61(3-4):341—359
- Zhu R X,Potts R,Xie F,Hoff man K A,Deng C L,Shi C D,Pan YX,Wang H Q,Shi Y C,Shi G H&Wu N Q.2004.New evi-dence on the earliest human presence at high northern latitudesin northeast Asia.Nature,431:559—562