A.AVERIANOV,H.-D.SUES

• 1:俄罗斯科学院动物研究所
• 2:史密斯森协会自然历史博物馆古生物学部

摘要(Abstract)：

通过对前人建议的26个生物地层标志化石存在与否的简约分析,中亚与亚洲中部晚白垩世的陆生脊椎动物组合的相对层位得到了更清楚的揭示。此区最古老的组合是乌兹别克斯坦克孜勒库姆沙漠的Khodzhakul组合(早塞诺曼期),其次为蒙古戈壁沙漠东部BaynShire组的下部和上部的组合(塞诺曼期至桑顿期)。中国内蒙古二连达布苏动物群与中亚的土伦期—桑顿期动物群属于同一类群,因为它们均具龟鳖类Khunnuchelys,前者时代可能为桑顿期。三个中亚的组合(Bissekty、Yalovach和Bostobe组合)中有两个地方性的鳄形类(Kansajsuchus和Tadzhikosuchus)和一个出现于戈壁沙漠的鳄形类(Shamosuchus)化石。戈壁沙漠的坎潘期至马斯特里赫特期组合与北美同期动物群为同一类群。Djadokhta组与BarunGoyot组的坎潘期脊椎动物组合具有高度的地方性,并反应了半干旱的古环境。产自Nemegt组的组合生存于比较潮湿的环境。在组成上,这一组合与其他河流相沉积环境(Bissekty、二连达布苏以及北美Judithian期和Lancian期的组合)相似。具顶饰的鸭嘴龙Saurolophus的存在,支持了Nemegt组合为马斯特里赫特期时代。戈壁沙漠的这三个组合(Djadokhta、Barun Goyot和Nemegt组合)被归为一类,因为它们共同拥有地方性的龟类Mongolemys和兽脚亚目的小驰龙类。亚洲中部和北美的坎潘期至马斯特里赫特期组合与亚洲更加古老的组合不同在于存有暴龙科、肿头龙亚目和鸭嘴龙科。在中亚,由于地区性的海侵,这一时间段内的陆生脊椎动物组合多不清楚。

关键词(KeyWords)： 生物地层学;脊椎动物;晚白垩世;中亚;亚洲中部

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金(No.91114201);; 国家重点基础研究发展计划(2012CB821906)资助出版;; support of the National Science Foundation(EAR-9804771 and EAR-0207004 to J.D.Archibald and H.-D.Sues);; the National Geographic Society(#5901-97 and #6281-98 to J.D. Archibald and H.-D.Sues);; the Civilian Research and Development Foundation(RU-G1-2571-ST-04 and RUB12860-ST-07;; the Russian Fund of Basic Research (07-04-91110-AFGIRa);; support from the President's of Russia grant MD 255. 2003.04;; the Russian Fund of Basic Research grants 04-04-49113,04-04-49637,07-04-00393,and 10-04-01350;; the Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation(contract 16.518.11.7070);; a Paleontological Museum grant of Saint Petersburg State University

作者(Author): A.AVERIANOV,H.-D.SUES

DOI: 10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2012.02.020

参考文献(References)：

• Alifanov V R.2000.The fossil record of Cretaceous lizardsfrom Mongolia.In:Benton M J,Shishkin M A,Unwin D M&Kurochkin E N eds.The age of dinosaurs in Russia andMongolia.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.368-389
• Alifanov V R&Averianov A O.2006.On the finding of ornithomimid dinosaurs(Saurischia,Ornithomimosauria)in theUpper Cretaceous beds of Tajikistan.Paleontological Journal,40(1):103-108
• Alroy J.1994.Appearance event ordination:a new biochronologic method.Paleobiology,20(2):191-207
• Alroy J.2000.New methods for quantifying macroevolutionarypatterns and processes.Paleobiology,26(4):707-733
• Archibald J D&Averianov A O.2001.Paranyctoides and alliesfrom the Late Cretaceous of North America and Asia.ActaPalaeontologica Polonica,46(4):533-551
• Archibald J D&Averianov A O.2003.The Late Cretaceousplacental mammal Kulbeckia.Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology,23(2):404-419
• Archibald J D&Averianov A O.2005.Mammalian faunal succession in the Cretaceous of the Kyzylkum Desert.Journalof Mammalian Evolution,12(1-2):9-22
• Archibald J D&Averianov A O.2006.Late Cretaceousasioryctitherian eutherian mammals from Uzbekistan andphylogenetic analysis of Asioryctitheria.Acta Palaeon-tologica Polonica,51(2):351-376
• Archibald J D,Sues H-D,Averianov A O,King C,Ward D J,Tsaruk O I,Danilov I G,Rezvyi A S,Veretennikov B G&Khodjaev A.1998.Précis of the Cretaceous paleontology,biostratigraphy and sedimentology at Dzharakuduk(Turonian?-Santonian),Kyzylkum Desert,Uzbekistan.Bulletinof the New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science,14:21-28
• Averianov A O.1997.New Late Cretaceous mammals ofsouthern Kazakhstan.Acta Palaeontologica Polonica,42(2):243-256
• Averianov A O.2002.An ankylosaurid(Ornithischia:Ankylosauria)braincase from the Upper Cretaceous BissektyFormation of Uzbekistan.Bulletin de l'Institut Royal desSciences Naturelles de Belgique,Sciences de la Terre,72(1):97-110
• Averianov A O.2005.The first choristoderes(Diapsida,Choristodera)from the Paleogene of Asia.PaleontologicalJournal,39(1):79-84
• Averianov A O.2006.On an ornithomimid dinosaur(Saurischia,Ornithomimosauria)from the Cenomanian of Fergan.Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal,(3):88-92
• Averianov A O.2007a.Mid-Cretaceous ornithocheirids(Pterosauria,Ornithocheiridae)from Russia and Uzbekistan.Pa-leontological Journal,41(1):79-86
• Averianov A O.2007b.Theropod dinosaurs from the Late Cretaceous of North-East Aral Sea area,Kazakhstan.CretaceousResearch,28(3):532-544
• Averianov A O&Archibald J D.2003.Mammals from the Upper Cretaceous Aitym Formation,Kyzylkum Desert,Uzbekistan.Cretaceous Research,24(2):171-191
• Averianov A O&Archibald J D.2005.Mammals from thmid-Cretaceous Khodzhakul Formation,Kyzylkum DeserUzbekistan.Cretaceous Research,26(4):593-608
• Averianov A O&Archibald J D.2006.New specimens of themultituberculate mammal Uzbekbaatar from the Late Cretaceous of Uzbekistan.Acta Palaeontologica Polonica,51(2):377-380
• Averianov A O,Archibald J D&Ekdale E G.2010.New material of the Late Cretaceous deltatheroidan mammal Sulestesfrom Uzbekistan and phylogenetic reassessment of themetatherian-eutherian dichotomy.Journal of Systematic Palaeontology,8(3):301-330
• Averianov A O&Nessov L A.1995.A new Cretaceous mammal from the Campanian of Kazakhstan.Neues Jahrbuch fürGeologie und Pal ontologie,Monatshefte(1):65-74
• Averianov A O&Sues H-D.2007.A new troodontid(Dinosauria:Theropoda)from the Cenomanian of Uzbekistan,with a review of troodontid records from the territories ofthe former Soviet Union.Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology,27(1):87-98
• Averianov A O&Sues H-D.2009.First record of a basal neoceratopsian dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Kazakhstan.Acta Palaeontologica Polonica,54(3):553-556
• Barrett P M,Butler R J,Edwards N P&Milner A R.2008.Pterosaur distribution in time and space:an atlas.Zitteliana,B28:61-107
• Barsbold R.1981.Toothless carnivorous dinosaurs of Mongolia.Trudy Sovmestnoi Sovetsko-Mongol'skoi PaleontologicheskoiEkspeditsii,15:28-39
• Barsbold R.1983.Carnivorous dinosaurs from the Cretaceousof Mongolia.Trudy Sovmestnoi Sovetsko-Mongol'skoi Paleontologicheskoi Ekspeditsii,19:1-120
• Barsbold R&Perle A.1983.On the taphonomy of joint burial ojuvenile dinosaurs and some aspects of their ecology.TrudySovmestnoi Sovetsko-Mongol'skoi PaleontologicheskoEkspeditsii,24:121-125
• Baszio S.1997.Systematic palaeontology of isolated dinosaurteeth from the latest Cretaceous of south Alberta,Canada.Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg,196:33-77
• Beavan N R&Russell A P.1999.An elasmobranch assemblagefrom the terrestrial-marine transitional Lethbridge CoalZone(Dinosaur Park Formation:upper Campanian),Alberta,Canada.Journal of Paleontology,73(3):494-503
• Becker M A,Chamberlain J A&Terry D O Jr.2004.Chondrichthyans from the Fairpoint Member of the Fox HillsFormation(Maastrichtian),Meade County,South Dakota.Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology,24(4):780-793
• Bell P R.2011.Redescription of the skull of Saurolophus osborni Brown1912(Ornithischia:Hadrosauridae).Cretaceous Research,32(1):30-44
• Bell P R(in press).Cranial osteology and ontogeny ofSaurolophus angustirostris from the Late Cretaceous ofMongolia with comments on Saurolophus osborni fromCanada.Acta Palaeontologica Polonica,56
• Borsuk-Bia ynicka M.1978.Eopelobates leptocolaptus sp.n.:the first Upper Cretaceous pelobatid frog from Asia.Palaeontologia Polonica,38:57-63
• Brinkman D B.2003.A review of nonmarine turtles from theLate Cretaceous of Alberta.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,40(4):557-571
• Brinkman D B,Nessov L A&Peng J-H.1994.Khunnuchelysgen.nov.,a new trionychid(Testudines:Trionychidae)fromthe Late Cretaceous of Inner Mongolia and Uzbekistan.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,30(10-11):2214-2223
• Brusatte S L,Norell M A,Carr T D,Erickson G M,HutchinsonJ R,Balanoff A M,Bever G S,Choiniere J N,Makovicky P J&Xu X.2010.Tyrannosaur paleobiology:new research onancient exemplar organisms.Science,329(5998):1481-1485
• Bryant L J.1989.Non-dinosaurian lower vertebrates across theCretaceous-Tertiary boundary in northeastern Montana.University of California Publications in Geological Sciences,134:1-107
• Buffetaut E.1995.An ankylosaurid dinosaur from the UpperCretaceous of Shandong(China).Geological Magazine,132(6):683-692
• Butler R J,Barrett P M,Nowbath S&Upchurch P.2009.Estimating the effects of sampling biases on pterosaur diversity patterns:implications for hypotheses of bird/pterosaurcompetitive replacement.Paleobiology,35(3):432-446
• Cappetta H.1992.Nouveaux Rhinobatoidei(Neoselachii,Rajiformes)àdenture specialisée du Maastrichtien du Maroc.Remarques sur l'évolution dentaire des Rajiformes et desMyliobatiformes.Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie undPal ontologie,Abhandlungen,187(1):31-52
• Cheetham A H&Hazel J E.1969.Binary(presence-absence)similarity coefficients.Journal of Paleontology,43(5):1130-1136
• Chiappe L M,Norell M A&Clark J M.2001.A new skull ofGobipteryx minuta(Aves:Enantiornithes)from the Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert.American Museum Novitates,(3346):1-15
• Chiappe L M,Norell M A&Clark J M.2002.The Cretaceous,short-armed Alvarezsauridae:Mononykus and its kin.In:Chiappe L M&Witmer L M eds.Mesozoic birds:above theheads of dinosaurs.Berkeley:University of California Press.87-120
• Chiappe L M&Walker C A.2002.Skeletal morphology andsystematics of the Cretaceous Euenantiornithes(Ornithothoraces:Enantiornithes).In:Chiappe L M&Witmer LM eds.Mesozoic birds,above the heads of dinosaurs.Berkeley:University of California Press.240-267
• Cifelli R L,Eberle J J,Lofgren D L,Lillegraven J A&ClemensW A.2004.Mammalian biochronology of the latest Cretaceous.In:Woodburne M O ed.Late Cretaceous and Cenozoic Mammals of North America:biostratigraphy and geochronology.New York:Columbia University Press.21-42
• Clarke J A&Norell M A.2002.The morphology and phylogenetic position of Apsaravis ukhaana from the Late Cretaceousof Mongolia.American Museum Novitates,(3387):1-46
• Clarke J A&Norell M A.2004.New avialan remains and areview of the known avifauna from the Late CretaceousNemegt Formation of Mongolia.American Museum Novitates,(3447):1-12
• Currie P J&Dong Z M.2001.New information on Cretaceoustroodontids(Dinosauria,Theropoda)from the People's Republic of China.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,38(12):1753-1766
• Currie P J&Eberth D A.1993.Palaeontology,sedimentologyand palaeoecology of the Iren Dabasu Formation(UpperCretaceous),Inner Mongolia,People's Republic of China.Cretaceous Research,14(2):127-144
• Dani A H&Masson V M.1992.History of civilizations ofCentral Asia.Volume1.Paris:UNESCO
• Danilov I G.1999.A new lindholmemydid genus(Testudines:Lindholmemydidae)from the mid-Cretaceous of Uzbekistan.Russian Journal of Herpetology,6(2):63-71
• Danilov I G&Sukhanov V B.2001.New data on lindholmemyid turtle Lindholmemys from the Late Cretaceous ofMongolia.Acta Palaeontologica Polonica,46(1):125-131
• Danilov I G&Syromyatnikova E V.2008.New materials onturtles of the family Nanhsiungchelyidae from the Cretaceous of Uzbekistan and Mongolia,with a review of thenanhsiungchelyid record in Asia.Proceedings of the Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences,312(1/2):3-25
• Danilov I G.,Syromyatnikova E V&Sukhanov V B.2007.Turtles of the genus Shachemys from the Upper Cretaceousof Asia.In:Rozanov A Y,Lopatin A V&Parkhaev P Y eds.Modern paleontology:classical and new methods.Moscow:Paleontological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences.59-72
• Dashzeveg D,Dingus L,Loope D B,Swisher C C III,Dulam T&Sweeney M R.2005.New stratigraphic subdivision,depositional environment,and age estimate for the Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation,southern Ulan Nur Basin,Mongolia.American Museum Novitates,(3498):1-31
• Davis B M,Cifelli R L&Kielan-Jaworowska Z.2008.Earliestevidence of Deltatheroida(Mammalia:Metatheria)from theEarly Cretaceous of North America.In:Sargis E J&Dagosto M eds.Mammalian evolutionary morphology.A Tribute to Frederick S.Szalay.Berlin:Springer.3-24
• Dingus L,Loope D B,Dashzeveg D,Swisher C C III,Minjin C,Novacek M J&Norell M A.2008.The geology of UkhaaTolgod(Djadokhta Formation,Upper Cretaceous,NemegtBasin,Mongolia).American Museum Novitates,(3616):1-40
• Dyke G J,Malakhov D V&Chiappe L M.2006.A re-analysisof the marine bird Asiahesperornis from northern Kazakhstan.Cretaceous Research,27(6):947-953
• Efimov M B.1988.On the fossil crocodiles of Mongolia andthe USSR.Trudy Sovmestnoi Sovetsko-Mongol'skoi Paleontologicheskoi Ekspeditsii,34:81-90
• El anowski A.1977.Skulls of Gobipteryx(Aves)from theUpper Cretaceous of Mongolia.Palaeontologia Polonica,37:153-165
• Estes R.1964.Fossil vertebrates from the Late CretaceousLance Formation,eastern Wyoming.University of California Publications in Geological Sciences,49:1-180
• Everhart M J&Bell A.2009.A hesperornithiform limb bonefrom the basal Greenhorn Formation(Late Cretaceous;middle Cenomanian)of North Central Kansas.Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology,29(3):952-956
• Fortelius M,Gionis A,Jernvall J&Mannila H.2006.Spectralordering and biochronology of European fossil mammals.Paleobiology,32(2):206-214
• Fox R C.1974.Deltatheroides-like mammals from the UpperCretaceous of North America.Nature,249(5455):392
• Fox R C.1975.Fossil snakes from the upper Milk River Formation(Upper Cretaceous),Alberta.Canadian Journal ofEarth Sciences,12(9):1557-1563
• Gao K.&Fox R C.1996.Taxonomy and evolution of LateCretaceous lizards(Reptilia:Squamata)from western Canada.Bulletin of Carnegie Museum of Natural History,33:1-107
• Gao K&Fox R C.1998.New choristoderes(Reptilia:Diapsida)from the Upper Cretaceous and Palaeocene,Alberta andSaskatchewan,Canada,and phylogenetic relationships ofChoristodera.Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society,124(4):303-353
• Gao K&Nessov L A.1998.Early Cretaceous squamates fromthe Kyzylkum Desert,Uzbekistan.Neues Jahrbuch fürGeologie und Pal ontologie,Abhandlungen207:289-309
• Gao K&Norell M A.2000.Taxonomic composition and systematics of Late Cretaceous lizard assemblages from UkhaaTolgod and adjacent localities,Mongolian Gobi Desert.Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History,249:1-118
• Gardner J D.2008.New information on frogs(Lissamphibia:Anura)from the Lance Formation(Late Maastrichtian)andBug Creek Anthills(late Maastrichtian and early Paleocene),Hell Creek Formation,USA.In:Sankey J T&Baszio S eds.Vertebrate microfossil assemblages:their role in paleoecology and paleobiogeography.Bloomington:Indiana University Press.219-249
• Gardner J D&Averianov A O.1998.Albanerpetontid amphibians from the Upper Cretaceous of Middle Asia.ActaPalaeontologica Polonica,43(3):453-467
• Gardner J D&B hme M.2008.Review of Albanerpetontidae(Lissamphibia),with comments on the paleoecological preferences of European Tertiary albanerpetontids.VertebrateMicrofossil Assemblages.In:Sankey J T&Baszio Seds.Their Role in Paleoecology and Paleobiogeography.Bloomington:Indiana University Press.178-218
• Gardner J D&Cifelli R L.1999.A primitive snake from theCretaceous of Utah.Special Papers in Palaeontology,60:87-100
• Gardner J D,Russell A P&Brinkman D B.1995.Systematicsand taxonomy of soft-shelled turtles(Family Trionychidae)from the Judith River Group(mid-Campanian)of NorthAmerica.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,32(5):631-643
• Goloboff P.1999.NONA(ver.1.9).Software published by theauthor,San Miguel de Tucumán,Argentina.Available onlineat www.cladistics.org
• Goloboff P,Farris J S&Nixon K C.2003.Tree analysis usingnew technology.Program and documentation available fromthe authors(and online at www.zmuc.dk/public/phylogeny)
• Gubin Y M.1999.Gobiatids(Anura)from the Upper Cretaceous locality Khermeen Tsav(Gobi Desert,Mongolia).Paleontologicheskii Zhurnal,(1):76-87
• Hicks J F,Brinkman D L,Nichols D L&Watabe M.1999.Paleomagnetic and palynologic analyses of Albian to Santonian strata at Bayn Shireh,Burkhant,and Khuren Dukh,eastern Gobi Desert,Mongolia.Cretaceous Research,20(6):829-850
• Holtz T R,Chapman R E Jr&Lamanna M C.2004.Mesozoicbiogeography of dinosauria.In:Weishampel D B,Dodson P&Osmólska H eds.The dinosauria(Second edition).Berkeley:University of California Press.627-642
• Hone D W E,Wang K,Sullivan C,Zhao X,Chen S,Li D,Ji S,Ji Q,&Xu X.2011.A new,large tyrannosaurine theropodfrom the Upper Cretaceous of China.Cretaceous Research,32(4):495-503
• Hope S.2002.The Mesozoic radiation of Neornithes.In:Chiappe L M&Witmer L M eds.Mesozoic birds,above theheads of dinosaurs.Berkeley:University of California Press.339-388
• Hutchison J H.2000.Diversity of Cretaceous turtle faunas ofeastern Asia and their contribution to the turtle faunas ofNorth America.Paleontological Society of Korea SpecialPublication,4:27-38
• Jerzykiewicz T&Russell D A.1991.Late Mesozoic stratigraphy and vertebrates of the Gobi Basin.Cretaceous Research,12(4):345-377
• Kielan-Jaworowska Z.1974.Multituberculate succession in theLate Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert(Mongolia).Palaeontologia Polonica,30:23-44
• Kielan-Jaworowska Z,Cifelli R L&Luo Z-X.2004.Mammalsfrom the age of dinosaurs:origins,evolution,and structure.New York:Columbia University Press.1-630
• Kielan-Jaworowska Z,Hurum J H&Badamgarav D.2003.Anextended range of multituberculate Kryptobaatar and distribution of mammals in the Upper Cretaceous of the GobiDesert.Acta Palaeontologica Polonica,48(2):273-278
• Kearney M.2003.Systematics of the Amphisbaenia(Lepidosauria:Squamata)based on morphological evidence fromrecent and fossil forms.Herpetological Monographs,17(1):1-74
• Kobayashi Y&Barsbold R.2005.Reexamination of a primitiveornithomimosaur,Garudimimus brevipes Barsbold,1981(Dinosauria:Theropoda),from the Late Cretaceous ofMongolia.Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,42(9):1501-1521
• Kobayashi Y&LüJ-C.2003.A new ornithomimid dinosaurwith gregarious habits from the Late Cretaceous of China.Acta Palaeontologica Polonica,48(2):235-259
• Kordikova E G,Polly D P,Alifanov V R,Ro ek Z,Gunnell G F&Averianov A O.2001.Small vertebrates from the LateCretaceous and Early Tertiary of the northeastern Aral SeaRegion,Kazakhstan.Journal of Paleontology,75(2):390-400
• Ksepka D T&Norell M A.2004.Ornithomimosaur cranimaterial from Ukhaa Tolgod(Omnogov,Mongolia).Amercan Museum Novitates,(3448):1-4
• Kurochkin E N.1996.A new enantiornithid of the MongolianLate Cretaceous,and a general appraisal of the infraclassEnantiornithes(Aves).Moscow,Paleontological Institute,Special Issue.60
• Kurochkin E N.2000.Mesozoic birds of Mongolia and thformer USSR.In:Benton M J,Shishkin M A,Unwin D M&Kurochkin E N eds.The age of dinosaurs in Russia anMongolia.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press.533-55
• Kurzanov S M.1987.Avimimidae and the problem of the origin of birds.Trudy Sovmestnoi Sovetsko-Mongol'skoi Paleontologicheskoi Ekspeditsii,31:1-92
• Lapparent de Broin F de.2004.A new Shachemydinae(Chelonii,Cryptodira)from the Lower Cretaceous of Laos:preliminary data.Comptes Rendus Palevol,3(5):387-396
• Lindsay E H.2003.Chronostratigraphy,biochronology,datumevents,land mammal ages,stage of evolution,and appearance event ordination.Bulletin of the American Museum ofNatural History,279:212-230
• Longrich N R.2009.An ornithurine-dominated avifauna fromthe Belly River Group(Campanian,Upper Cretaceous)ofAlberta,Canada.Cretaceous Research,30(1):161-177
• Longrich N R&Currie P J.2009.Albertonykus borealis,a newalvarezsaur(Dinosauria:Theropoda)from the early Maastrichtian of Alberta,Canada:implications for the systematicsand ecology of the Alvarezsauridae.Cretaceous Research,30(1):239-252
• Longrich N R,Currie P J&Dong Z-M.2010.A new oviraptorid(Dinosauria:Theropoda)from the Upper Cretaceous of BayanMandahu,Inner Mongolia.Palaeontology,53(5):945-960
• Lucas S G.&Estep J W.1998.Vertebrate biostratigraphy andbiochronology of the Cretaceous of China.New MexicoMuseum of Natural History and Science Bulletin,14:1-20
• Makovicky P J.2008.Telling time from fossils:a phylogeny-based approach to chronological ordering of paleobiotas.Cladistics,24(3):350-371
• Martinez J N.1995.Biochronology and parsimony methods.Bulletin de la Sociétégéologique de France,166(5):517-526
• Martinson G G.1982.Late Cretaceous mollusks of MongoliaTrudy Sovmestnoi Sovetsko-Mongol'skoi PaleontologicheskoiEkspeditsii,17:1-84
• Maryańska T,Chapman R E&Weishampel D B.2004.Pachycephalosauria.In:Weishampel D B,Dodson P&Osmólska H eds.The dinosauria(Second edition).Berkeley:University of California Press.464-477
• Matsumoto R&Evans S E.2010.Choristoderes and the freshwater assemblages of Laurasia.Journal of Iberian Geology,36(2):253-274
• Mertinene R A&Nessov L A.1985.Hybodont sharks from theCretaceous of Middle Asia.Doklady Akademii Nauk Tadzhikskoi SSR,28(1):588-592
• Nessov L A.1977.A new genus of two-clawed turtle from theUpper Cretaceous of Karakalpakia.PaleontologicheskiiZhurnal,(1):103-114
• Nessov L A.1981.On a turtle of the family of the Dermatemydidae from the Cretaceous of the Amur River Basin,andsome other rare finds of ancient turtle remains of Asia.Herpetological Investigations in Siberia and Far East.L YBorkin.Leningrad:Zoologicheskyi Institut AN SSSR.69-73
• Nessov L A.1985.Rare bony fishes,terrestrial lizards andmammals from the zone of estuaries and coastal plains of theCretaceous of Kizylkum.Ezhegodnik Vsesoyuznogo Paleontologicheskogo Obshchestva,28:199-219
• Nessov L A.1988.Assemblages of late Mesozoic and Paleo-cene vertebrates of Middle Asia.In:Bogdanova T N&Oshurkova M V eds.Formation and evolution of the continental biotas.Leningrad:Izdatelstvo Nauka.93-101
• Nessov L A.1995.Dinosaurs of Northern Eurasia:new dataabout assemblages,ecology and paleobiogeography.SaintPetersburg:Izdatelstvo Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta.1-156
• Nessov L A.1997.Cretaceous nonmarine vertebrates of northernEurasia.In:Golovneva L B&Averianov A O eds.Saint Petersburg:Izdatel'stvo Sankt-Peterburgskogo Universiteta.1-218
• Nessov L A&Borkin L Y.1983.New findings of bird bonesfrom the Cretaceous of Mongolia and Middle Asia.TrudyZoologicheskogo Instituta AN SSSR,116:108-110
• Nessov L A&Golovneva L B.1983.Ch