樊茹,邓胜徽,张学磊

• 1:中国石油勘探开发研究院

摘要(Abstract)：

碳酸盐岩碳稳定同位素组成数据能否有效地反应原始大洋的同位素组成是稳定同位素地层学研究成败的关键,因此,如何准确地判断碳同位素比值的有效性成为该稳定同位素地层学研究中的焦点问题之一。碳同位素值有效性受成岩作用、地层缺失、样品处理过程等多方面因素影响,但成岩作用是诸多因素中最普遍、最主要的,因而正确判别碳同位素值可靠性通常也就是对样品及其同位素组成经受成岩改造程度的评定。确保碳同位素测试结果可靠应主要把握前期严格选样和后期数据分析两个重要环节。前期选样包括野外和室内两步,是在宏观尺度上对数据可靠性的把握;后期数据分析则主要是在严格选样的基础上,利用碳(及附带的氧)同位素自身数据特征以及借助Mn、Fe、Sr等微量元素特征从元素级别的微观角度对同位素值有效性做出进一步判别。

关键词(KeyWords)： 碳酸盐岩;碳同位素地层学;δ13C值;有效性

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家重大科技专项课题“大型油气田煤层气开发”(No.2008ZX05004);; 中国石油天然气股份公司重大科技专项“海相碳酸盐岩大油气田勘探开发关键技术”成果

作者(Author): 樊茹,邓胜徽,张学磊

DOI: 10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2010.04.015

参考文献(References)：

• 郭福生,彭花明,潘家永,杜杨松,刘林清,罗能辉,饶明辉,王正其.2003.浙江江山寒武系碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素特征及其古环境意义探讨.地层学杂志,27(4):289—296
• 景秀春,邓胜徽,赵宗举,卢远征,张师本.2008.塔里木盆地柯坪地区寒武-奥陶系界线附近的碳同位素组成与对比.中国科学(D辑),38(10):1284—1296
• 李心清,万国江.1999.碳酸盐岩碳氧稳定同位素地球化学研究面临的几个问题.地球化学进展,14(3):262—268
• 王大锐.2000.油气稳定同位素地球化学.北京:石油工业出版社.71—81
• 杨瑞东,朱立军,王世杰,袁金良,赵元龙.2002.贵州台江中下寒武统界线附近碳同位素负异常的生物和地层意义.中国科学(D辑),32(6):500—506
• 赵澄林,朱筱敏.2001.沉积岩石学(第三版).北京:石油工业出版社.185—193
• 周传明,张俊明,李国祥,虞子冶.1997.云南永善肖滩早寒武世早期碳氧同位素记录.地质科学,32(2):201—212
• 邹才能,陶士振,周慧,张响响,何东博,周川闽,王岚,王雪松,李富恒,朱如凯,罗平,袁选俊,徐春春,杨华.2008.成岩相的形成、分类与定量评价方法.石油勘探与开发,35(5):526—540
• 左景勋,彭善池,朱学剑.2008.扬子地台寒武系碳酸盐岩的碳同位素组成及地质意义.地球化学,37(2):118—128
• Aharon P Z,Schidlowski M&SinghI B.1987.Chronostratigraphicmarkers inthe end-Precambrianisotope record of the Lesser Hi-malaya.Nature,327:699—702
• Allan J R&Matthews R K.1982.Isotope signatures associatedwith early meteoric diagenesis.Sedi mentology,29:797—817
• Anderson T F&Arthur M A.1983.Stable isotopes of oxygen andcarbon and their application to sedi mentology and palaeoenvir-onmental problems.Society of Economic Paleontologists andMineralogists,Short Course10:155
• Bathurst R G C.1972.Carbonate sedi ments and their diagenesis.Development in Sedi mentology,12(1):1—658
• Brand U&Veizer J.1980.Chemical diagenesis of a multicomponentcarbonate system-1:trace elements.Journal of Sedi mental Pe-troleum,50:1219—1236
• Brasier M D.1993.Towards a carbon isotope stratigraphy of theCambrian System:potential of the great basin succession.Geo-logical Society,Lodon,Special Publications70:341—350
• Brasier M D&Anderson M M.1992.Oxygen and carbon isotopestratigraphy of early Cambrian carbonatesin southeastern New-foundland and England.Geological Magazine,129(3):265—279
• Brasier M D,Magaritz M M,Corfield R,Luo HL,Wu X C,Ouy-ang L,Jiang Z W,Hamdi B,He T G&Fraser A G.1990.The carbon-and oxygen-isotope record of the Precambrian-Cam-brian boundary interval in China and Iran and their correlation.Geological Magazine,127(4):319—332
• Brasier M D,Shields G,Kuleshov V N&Zhegallo E A.1996.In-tegrated chemo-and biostratigraphic calibration of early ani malevolution:Neoproterozoic-early Cambrian of southwest Mongo-lia.Geological Magazine,133:445—85
• Dilliard K A.2007.Stable isotope geochemistry of the lower Cam-brian Sekwi Formation,Northwest Territories,Canada:i mpli-cations for ocean chemistry and secular curve generation.Palaeogeography,Palaeocli matology,Palaeoecology,256:174—194
• Galindo C,Casquet C,Rapela C,Pankhurst RJ,Baldo E&Saave-dra J.2004.Sr,C,and Oisotope geochemistry and stratigra-phy of Precambrian and Lower Paleozoic carbonate sequencesfromthe Western Sierras Pampeanas of Argentina:tectonic i m-plications.Precambrian Research,131:55—71
• Glumac B&Spivak-Birndorf ML.2002.Stableisotope of carbon asaninvaluable stratigraphic tool:an example fromthe Cambrianof the northern Appalachians,USA.Geology,30(6):563—566
• Guo F S,Peng H M,Pan J Y,Du YS,Liu L Q,Luo L H,Rao MH&Wang Z Q.2003.Aprobeintothe carbon and oxygeniso-topic characteristics of the Cambrian carbonate rocks in Jiangs-han,Zhejiang andits paleo—environment significance.Journalof Stratigraphy,27(4):289—296
• Guo QJ,Strauss H,Liu C Q,Goldberg T,Zhu M Y,Pi D H,Heubeck C,Vernhet E,Yang X L&Fu P Q.2007.Carbon I-sotopic evolution of the Terminal Neoproterozoic and EarlyCambrian:evidence fromthe Yangtze Platform,South China.Palaeogeography,Palaeocli matology,Palaeoecology,254:140—157
• Guo QJ,Strauss H,Liu C Q,Zhao Y L,Peng J&Yang H.2010.A negative carbon isotope excursion defines the boundary fromCambrian Series2to Cambrian Series3on the Yangtze Plat-form,South China.Palaeogeography,Palaeocli matology,Palaeoecology,285:143—151
• Hol mden C,Creaser R A,Muehlenbachs K,Leslie S A&Bergstr m S M.1998.Isotopic evidence for geochemical decou-pling between ancient epeiric seas and bordering oceans:i mpli-cations for secular curves.Geology,26:567—570
• Hudson J D.1977.Stable isotope andli mestone lithification.Jour-nal ofthe Geological Society of London,136:157—164
• I mmenhauser A,Della Porta G,Kenter J A M&Bahamonde J R.2003.An alternative model for positive shiftsin shallow-marinecarbonateδ13C andδ18O.Sedi mentology,50:953—959
• Jing X C,Deng S H,Zhao ZJ,Lu YZ&Zhang S B.2008.Carbonisotope composition and correlation across the Cambrian-Ordovi-cian boundaryin Kalpin Region of the Tari mBasin,China.Sci-ence in China(Series D),38(10):1284—1296
• Kauf man AJ&Knoll A H.1995.Neoproterozoic variations in theC-isotopic composition of seawater:stratigraphy and biogeo-chemical i mplications.Precambrian Research,73:27—49
• Knoll A H,Hayes J M,Kauf man A J,Swett K&Lambert I B.1986.Secular variation in carbon isotope ratios from UpperProterozoic successions of Svalbard and East Greenland.Na-ture,321:832—838
• Kouchinsky A,Bengtson S,Gallet Y,Korovnikov I,Pavlov V,Runnegar B,Shields G,Veizer G,Young E&Ziegler K.2008.The SPICE carbon isotope excursion in Siberia:a com-bined study of the upper Middle Cambrian-lowermost Ordovi-cian Kulyumbe River section,northwestern Siberian Platform.Geological Magazine,145(5):609—622
• Lambert I B,Walter M R,Zang WL,Lu S N&Ma G G.1987.Palaeoenvironment and carbon isotope stratigraphy of UpperProterozoic carbonates of the Yangtze Platform.Nature,325:140—142
• Li D,Ling HF,Jiang S Y,Pan J Y,Chen Y Q,Cai YF&Feng HZ.2009.New carbon isotope stratigraphy of the Ediacaran-Cambrian boundary interval from SW China:i mplications forglobal correlation.Geological Magazine,146(4):465—484
• Lindsay J F,Kruse P D,Green O R,Hawkins E,Brasier M D,Chartlidge J&Corfield R M.2005.The Neoproterozoic-Cam-brian record in Australia:a stable isotope study.PrecambrianResearch,143:113—133
• Lindsay J F&Brasier MD.2000.Acarbonisotope reference curvefor ca.1700—1575Ma,McArthur and Mount Isa Basins,north-ern Australia.Precambrian Research,99:271—308
• Li X Q&Wan GJ.1999.Problemsin studies on carbon and oxygenstable isotopes in carbonates.Advance in Earth Sciences,14(3):262—268
• Magaritz M M.1983.Carbon and oxygenisotope composition of re-cent and ancient coated grains.In:Peryt T M ed.CoatedGrains.Berlin:Springer-Verlag.27—37
• Magaritz M M,Holser W T&Kirschvink J L.1986.Carbon-iso-tope events across the Precambrian boundary on the SiberianPlatform.Nature,320:258—259
• Marshall J D.1992.Cli matic and oceanographic isotopic signalsfromthe carbonate rock record and their preservation.Geolog-ical Magazine,129:143—160
• Monta ez I P,Osleger D A,Banner J L,Mack L E&Musgrove ML.2000.Evolution of the Sr and Cisotope composition of Cam-brian oceans.GSA Today,10(5):1—7
• Narbonne G M,Kauf man AJ&Knoll A H.1994.Integrated che-mostratigraphy and biostratigraphy of the Windermere Superg-roup,Northwestern Canada:i mplications for Neoproterozoiccorrelations andthe early evolution of ani mals.Geological Soci-ety of America Bulletin,106:1281—1291
• Popp B N,Anderson T F&Sandberg P A.1986.Textural,ele-mental andisotopic variations among constituents in Middle De-vonian Li mestones,North America.Journal of Sedi mental Pe-troleum,56:715—727
• Pierson B J.1981.The control of cathode luminescence in dolomite by iron and manganese.Sedi mentology,28:601—610
• Saltzman MR,Runnegar B&Lohmann K C.1998.Carbonisotopestratigraphy of Upper Cambrian(Steptoean Stage)sequences ofthe eastern Great Basin:record of a global oceanographic event.GSA Bulletin,110(3):285—297
• Schr der S&Grotzinger J P.2007.Evidence for anoxia at the Edia-caran-Cambrian boundary:the record of redox-sensitive traceelements and rere earth elements in Oman.Journal of GeologySociety,164:175—187
• Shen Yan-an&Schidlowski M.2000.New Cisotope stratigraphyfromsouthwest China:i mplications for the placement of Pre-cambrian-Cambrian boundary onthe Yangtze Platformand glob-al correlations.Geology,28(7):623—626
• Veizer J.1983.Chemical diagenesis of carbonate rocks:theory andapplication of trace element technique.In:Arthur M A,Aanderson T F,Kaplan I Ret al.eds.Stable isotopes in sedi-mentary geology.SEPMShort Course,10:3—100
• Wang Da-rui.2000.Stableisotopic geochemistry of oil and gas.Bei-jing:PetroleumIndustry Press.71—81
• Wotte T,lvaro J J,Shields G A,Brown B,Brasier MD&VeizerJ.2007.C-,O-and Sr-isotope stratigraphy across the Lower-Middle Cambrian transition of the Cantabrian Zone(Spain)andthe Montagne Noire(France),West Gondwana.Palaeogeog-raphy,Palaeocli matology,Palaeoecology,256:47—70
• Yang R D,Zhu LJ,Wang S J,Yuan J L&Zhao Y L.2002.Pale-ontology and stratigraphy significances of the carbon isotopicnegative excursion at the Lower-Middle Cambrian boundary in Taijiang,Guizhou.Science in China(Series D),32(6):500—506
• Young S A,Saltzman MR&Bergstr mS M.2005.Upper Ordovi-cian(Mohawkian)carbonisotope(δ13C)stratigraphyin easternand central North America:regional expression of a perturba-tion of the global carbon cycle.Palaeogeography,Palaeocli-matology,Palaeoecology,222:53—76
• Zhao C L&Zhu X M.2001.Sedi mentary Petrology(the third edi-tion).Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press.185—193
• Zhou C N,Tao S Z,Zhou H,Zhang X X,He D B,Zhou C M,Wang L,Wang X S,Li F H,Zhu R K,Luo P,Yuan XJ,XuC C&Yang H.2008.Genesis,classification and evaluationmethod of diagenetic facies.PetroleumExploration and Devel-opment,35(5):526—540
• Zhou C M,Zhang J M,Li G X&Yu Z Y.1997.Carbon and oxy-genisotope record of the early Cambrian fromthe Xiaotan Sec-tion,Yunnan,South China.Scientia Geologica Sinica,32(2):201—212
• Zhu Mao-yan,Zhang Jun-ming,Li Guo-xiang&Yang Ai-hua.2004.Evolution of Cisotopes in the Cambrian of China:i mpli-cations for Cambrian subdivision and trilobite mass extinctions.Geobios,37:287—301
• Zhu Mao-yan,Babcock L E&Peng Shan-chi.2006.Advances inCambrian stratigraphy and paleontology:integrating correlationtechniques,paleobiology,taphonomy and paleoenvironmentalreconstruction.Palaeoworld,15:217—222
• Zuo J X,Peng S C&Zhu XJ.2008.Carbonisotope composition ofCambrian carbonate rocks in Yangtze Platform,South Chinaandits geological i mplications.Geochi mica,32(2):118—128