王世骐,邓涛,王洪江,李春晓,江左其杲,温都苏

• 1:中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所中国科学院脊椎动物演化与人类起源重点实验室
• 2:中国科学院生物演化与环境卓越创新中心
• 3:中国科学院大学
• 4:内蒙古锡林郭勒盟文物站

摘要(Abstract)：

山旺期是中国陆相新近纪地质年代中的一个时段,代表了古老哺乳动物类群式微、现代化的哺乳动物类群滥觞的全新时期。山旺期大体与全球海相的布尔迪加尔期(Burdigalian)对应,开始的时代大约在20 Ma (百万年)左右。但长期以来,中国代表山旺期开始时段的地层中,很少有哺乳动物化石发现,因而学术界对这一重要时期的哺乳动物演化面貌知之甚少。这也使得相对应的陆相年代地层单位山旺阶的下界迟迟难以确定。近年来对内蒙中部生物地层学的研究,在苏尼特左旗敖尔班地区发现了含有谢家—山旺时期丰富哺乳动物化石的连续剖面(敖尔班组),为以上困难的解决提供了一切有利条件。敖尔班组的沉积连续,从下往上哺乳动物群经历了明显的变化,下部的下敖尔班动物群中含有双柱鼠类(distylomyids)、拟速掘鼠(Tachyoryctoides)、中华鼠兔(Sinolagomys)、基干有角类(basalpecoran)等原始类群;而上部的上敖尔班动物群中,上述类群已完全绝灭,出现了巨尖古仓鼠(Megacricetodon)、古仓鼠(Cricetodon)、跳兔(Alloptox)等新类群,鹿科(Cervidae)开始适应辐射,并出现了从非洲迁移而来的嵌齿象类(gomphotheres)和从美洲迁移来的安琪马(Anchitherium)。动物群的特征反映出下敖尔班动物群很可能还处于谢家期的末尾而上敖尔班动物群已进入了山旺期。古地磁数据显示敖尔班组的时代大约在21～17.5 Ma之间,可以包含海相布尔迪加尔期开始的时间点。本文推荐以最原始的冠群鹿科双叉鹿亚科(Dicrocerinae)在敖尔班剖面上的首现作为山旺阶下界的标志,该层位恰位于古地磁极性带C6n的底界,时间为19.722Ma。在中国地区,其它包含山旺阶下界的剖面还包括甘肃兰州盆地的对亭沟剖面、青海西宁盆地的谢家剖面、新疆准噶尔盆地的铁尔斯哈巴合剖面等,与上述剖面相比,敖尔班剖面在20～18 Ma之间的哺乳动物群最为丰富,因此是建立山旺阶下界层型的最佳地点。

关键词(KeyWords)： 下界层型;年代地层;山旺期;早中新世;敖尔班

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 科学技术部基础性工作专项(2015FY310100-14);; 中国地质调查局(DD20160120-04);; 中国科学院战略性先导科技专项项目(批准号:XDA20070203,XDB26000000,QYZDY-SSW-DQC022,GJHZ1885);; 国家自然科学基金项目(批准号:41872001,41430102)共同资助

作者(Author): 王世骐,邓涛,王洪江,李春晓,江左其杲,温都苏

DOI: 10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2019.01.001

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