梅冥相

• 1:中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院

摘要(Abstract)：

以不整合面为主要地层面对地层记录的旋回性进行研究,已成为层序地层学的核心内容。在层序地层学的概念体系中,早期具有"构造旋回"涵义、并且只是由不整合面所限定的"层序",随着研究的深入,演变为由不整合面及其可以对比的整合面所限定的地层单位——"沉积层序",而且将沉积层序大胆解释为海平面变化旋回的产物,最终将层序地层学带进了地层学实践的主流。但是,沉积层序是海平面变化的产物,还是反映构造影响,以及海平面变化对沉积作用控制的解释,争论一直持续到今天;尤其把三级沉积层序归为冰川型海平面变化旋回的产物,受到许多学者的质疑。总的来讲,多年来的研究在两个方面取得了共识:1)把一级和二级层序归为构造型海平面变化(地幔对流和板块构造)的产物,即与洋盆体积的变化而导致的长周期海平面变化;2)将高频率层序(四级到六级)归为气候(冰川)型海平面变化旋回的产物,即海水体积发生变化而造成的海平面变化,最终与轨道效应旋回相联系。近年来,随着地球轨道参数(气候岁差、倾斜度和偏心率)通过日照强度的变化而作为气候和海平面变化的一个外部驱动力的深入研究,以及轨道参数变化在50 Myr以来较为精确的计算,在中新生代,三级沉积层序与天文旋回之间的对应关系已经建立,最终产生了海平面变化层序的概念。在此基础上,关于三级海平面变化层序的成因,取得了最富有智慧的认识:1)在新生代冰室效应时期,三级层序与倾斜度调节作用旋回存在成因联系,其周期为1.2 Myr左右;2)在中生代温室效应时期,三级层序在某种程度上则与偏心率调节作用旋回相对应,其周期为2.4 Myr左右。海平面变化层序的提出,不但对多年来的争论给予了一个满意的答案,而且成为层序地层学近年来最为重要的进展之一。

关键词(KeyWords)： 层序地层学;层序;沉积层序;海平面变化层序;重要进展

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.49802012,40472065)

作者(Author): 梅冥相

DOI: 10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2015.01.006

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