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中国南方广布的岩溶洞穴/裂隙保存有丰富的第四纪哺乳动物化石,是恢复古生物演化过程、重建古环境变迁历史的重要证据。然而,由于洞穴/裂隙堆积物具有沉积连续性较差、厚度较薄、横向变化快、碳酸盐岩比例极高等特点,一些第四纪常用的测年方法往往无法单独对其进行准确约束,特别是早更新世洞穴/裂隙动物群的年代往往极度依赖生物年代学的粗略判断。基于建立第四纪高分辨率地层年代对比框架的客观需求和多种相关测年手段的改进与应用,近年来以“巨猿—中华乳齿象动物群”为代表的部分早更新世洞穴/裂隙地点的年代已由多种测年方法进行了研究,并逐步厘清了它们的年代序列。不过,随之而来也有不同时期、不同研究方法的定年结果之间的矛盾,不利于统一、精确的生物年代框架的建立。与在中国北方风成黄土/古土壤、河湖相沉积序列中的广泛运用不同,磁性地层学手段在洞穴/裂隙堆积物测年运用方面受到了诸多限制,不过仍从少数早更新世地点得到了可靠的、对约束其时代具有关键意义的数据,并通过与其他绝对测年结果交叉验证,精确限定了沉积序列及动物群的年龄范围。本文通过总结“巨猿—中华乳齿象动物群”的地理分布与已有的测年结果,从磁性地层学研究的视角,以其中8个早更新世洞穴/裂隙地点为例,结合最新的绝对测年结果,讨论并修正其年龄框架,分析了部分分歧产生的可能原因,同时也为未来磁性地层学手段在洞穴/裂隙堆积物测年方面的合理运用提出了看法。
Abstract：The widely distributed karst caves and fissures in southern China preserve abundant Quaternary mammalian fossils, serving as crucial evidence for reconstructing paleobiological evolution history and paleoenvironmental changes. However, due to the poor stratigraphic continuity, thin layers, rapid lateral facies variations, and extremely high-carbonate content of cave/fissure deposits, conventional Quaternary dating methods often fail to provide accurate chronological constraints independently. The ages of Early Pleistocene cave/fissure faunas rely heavily on rough biochronological estimates. Driven by the need for high-resolution Quaternary chronostratigraphic frameworks and advancements in dating techniques, the chronology of several Early Pleistocene sites—exemplified by the Gigantopithecus–Sinomastodon fauna—has been studied using multiple methods, clarifying gradually their chronological sequences. However, discrepancies also arise from conflicting dating results obtained via different techniques or different periods, hampering the establishment of an integrated and precise biostratigraphic chronology. Unlike its widespread application eolian loess/paleosol and fluvio-lacustrine sequences in northern China, magnetostratigraphy has been limited in dating cave/fissure deposits. Nonetheless, a few Early Pleistocene sites have yielded reliable, pivotal magnetostratigraphic data. Cross-validated with absolute dating results, these data precisely constrain the age ranges of the fossiliferous sedimentary sequences. Here, we provided a brief review of the geographical distribution and existing dating results of the Gigantopithecus–Sinomastodon fauna. From a magnetostratigraphic perspective, combined with the latest absolute dating results, we discussed and revised the geochronology frameworks of eight Early Pleistocene cave/fissure localities, further examined the potential causes of some existing discrepancies, and offered insights for the judicious application of magnetostratigraphy in dating cave/fissure deposits in the future.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2025.0032
中图分类号:Q915;P539.3;P534.631
引用信息:
[1]孙蕗,张文秀,李仕虎,等.中国南方洞穴早更新世巨猿—中华乳齿象动物群磁性地层学研究[J].地层学杂志,2025,49(04):480-500.DOI:10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2025.0032.
基金信息:
国家重点研发计划(2023YFF0804503); 国家自然科学基金(42374094); 东华理工大学博士科研启动基金(DHBK2019049)共同资助
2025-11-27
2025-11-27
2025-11-27