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新疆准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系-白垩系界线划分及油气地质意义
基金项目(Foundation): 中国石油天然气股份有限公司攻关性应用性科技专项(2023ZZ14);中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项(2023ZZ02)共同资助
邮箱(Email):
DOI: 10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2025.0038
发布时间: 2026-04-15
出版时间: 2026-04-15
网络发布时间: 2026-04-15
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摘要:

新疆准噶尔盆地南缘(准南)侏罗系-白垩系(J/K)界线划分一直存在争议,近年油气勘探工作已证实该界线附近发育砾岩和砂岩油气储层,界线的划分方案直接影响了相关层位砂体分布的预测。本文对准南露头剖面中J/K界线附近地层的岩性组合、沉积特征开展研究,发现砾岩层与下伏地层存在区域性不整合界面,结合侏罗纪末-白垩纪初的古构造背景,提出以此不整合界面作为J/K界线的地层划分新方案,在此方案下基于钻井统计数据对两类砂体的分布范围进行了预测。传统上,喀拉扎组可分为上部的砾岩和下部的交错层理砂岩,本文将砾岩层归入上覆的白垩系清水河组,喀拉扎组仅保留交错层理砂岩层。研究认为喀拉扎组交错层理砂岩是侏罗纪末干旱气候环境下的风成砂岩,主要分布于准南中东部,分布范围较局限。白垩纪初准噶尔盆地受周缘造山运动影响,在准南伊林黑比尔根山和博格达山北侧形成了近源粗碎屑沉积,即清水河组底部砾岩。砾岩层由山前向盆地内部呈楔状减薄,但在准南中段受清水河-齐古古凸起的影响,砾岩主要集中在古凸起的南侧。准南露头区清水河组底部砾岩层与下伏侏罗系呈角度不整合接触,在盆地内部清水河组底部砾岩不发育的区域,清水河组湖相滩坝砂岩与下伏侏罗系呈假整合或角度不整合接触。准南深层自下而上发育喀拉扎组砂岩、清水河组底部砾岩及湖相滩坝砂岩共三层有利砂体,可成为后期油气勘探的重要目的层。

Abstract:

The boundary division between the Jurassic and Cretaceous systems in the southern margin of Junggar Basin has long remained controversial. Recent hydrocarbon exploration has confirmed the presence of conglomerate and sandstone reservoirs near the boundary, but the uncertainty in defining the boundary impedes the prediction of reservoir distribution in associated strata. This paper conducts research on the lithological assemblage and sedimentary characteristics of strata near the J/K boundary in the outcrop sections along the southern margin of the Junggar Basin. It discovers a regional unconformity interface between the conglomerate layer and underlying strata. Combined with the paleotectonic background of the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous, it proposes a new stratigraphic division scheme using this unconformity interface as the J/K boundary. Based on drilling statistical data, the distribution ranges of two types of sand bodies are predicted under this scheme. This study identifies a regional unconformities between the conglomerate and the underlying strata, and proposes a new stratigraphic division scheme that designates these unconformities as the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary. The distribution of two types of sand bodies within this new framework is predicted. The new scheme subdivides the original Kalazha Formation into two lithological units: an upper conglomerate and a lower cross-bedded sandstone. The conglomerate is incorporated into the Cretaceous Qingshuihe Formation(including the basal conglomerate of the overlying Qingshuihe Formation), which includes the basal conglomerate, whereas the cross-bedded sandstone is assigned to the redefined Kalazha Formation. The study suggests that the cross-bedded sandstones of the Kalazha Formation are aeolian sandstones formed under arid climatic conditions at the end of the Jurassic period. They are mainly distributed in the central-eastern part of the Junggar Basin, with a limited distribution range.Influenced by the orogenic movements around the basin in the early Cretaceous, near-source coarse-clastic sediments—represented by the basal conglomerate of the Qingshuihe Formation—were deposited on the northern flanks of the Eren Habirga Mountain and Bogda Mountain. The conglomerate thins wedge-like from the mountain front toward the basin interior. In the central part of the southern margin, however, the distribution of the Qingshuihe conglomerate was controlled by paleotopography, concentrating predominantly on the southern flank of the Qingshuihe–Qigu paleo-uplift. In outcrop areas, an angular unconformity is observed between the Qingshuihe conglomerate and the underlying Jurassic strata. In areas where the basal conglomerate is absent, the Qingshuihe lacustrine beach-bar sandstones exhibit either a disconformity or an angular unconformity with the Jurassic strata. Three favorable sand-bodies are identified in the southern Junggar Basin: the basal conglomerate of the Qingshuihe Formation, the overlying lacustrine beach-bar sandstone, and the Kalaza sandstone. These constitute important target layers for hydrocarbon exploration.

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基本信息:

DOI:10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2025.0038

中图分类号:P618.13

引用信息:

[1]司学强,李静,彭博,等.新疆准噶尔盆地南缘侏罗系-白垩系界线划分及油气地质意义[J].地层学杂志().DOI:10.19839/j.cnki.dcxzz.2025.0038.

基金信息:

中国石油天然气股份有限公司攻关性应用性科技专项(2023ZZ14);中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项(2023ZZ02)共同资助

发布时间:

2026-04-15

出版时间:

2026-04-15

网络发布时间:

2026-04-15

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